GOODAFTERNOON!

PATTERNS OF
PARAGRAPH
DEVELOPMENT
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S
1WOR
D
GUESS THE WORD
PRESENTED BY THE
PICTURES
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•CHRONOLO
GY
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•DEVELOPME
NT
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•EVEN
T
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•NARRAT
E
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•ORGANI
ZE
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•PROBLE
M
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•PATTER
N
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•CONNECTIO
N
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•SIGNA
L
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•SENSO
RY
Pattern of
•
Development
technique that the writers
use in developing ideas that
are logically arranged.
• transitional devices -help you
determine the difference of one
pattern from another.
EXAMPLE
The importance of regular exercise cannot be overstated.
First, it helps improve physical health by strengthening the
heart and muscles.Moreover, exercise boosts mental well-
being by reducing stress and anxiety levels. For instance,
studies have shown that a simple 30-minute walk can
significantly elevate mood. However, many people struggle to
incorporate exercise into their daily routines due to busy
schedules. Nevertheless, small changes, such as taking the
stairs instead of the elevator, can make a big difference over
time. In conclusion, adopting a consistent exercise routine is
essential for both physical and mental health, and even
minor adjustments can lead to significant benefits.
1.
DESCRIPTION

illustrates the appearance and

characteristics of a specific object,
person, or location
through using sensory images,
symbolism and some figures of speech.
1.
DESCRIPTION
1. Her dress shimmered under the moonlight,
the sequins reflecting tiny sparks of silver.
2. The garden was alive with color, from the
bright reds of the roses to the sunny yellows of
the marigolds.
3. The aroma of freshly baked cookies filled the
kitchen, warm and sweet, with hints of
cinnamon.
3.
CHRONOLOGY
-pattern that organizes ideas or
events according to the time it
happened. Chronology comes in two
forms such as narration and process.
 3.
CHRONOLOGY
Last weekend, I had a busy but rewarding day. At 7 a.m., I
woke up to the sound of my alarm and made a quick
breakfast. By 8 a.m., I was out the door, heading to the park
for a morning jog. Around noon, I met up with friends for lunch
at a cozy café. In the afternoon, we visited the local museum
and explored its fascinating exhibits. Finally, at 7 p.m., I
returned home, exhausted but happy, and ended the day with
a good book.
 a.
Narration

used to describe how, when, and

where an event actually happened.
It is used to tell a story or focus on
a set of related events.
 a.
Narration
Last Saturday was a day to remember. At 6 a.m., I woke up
to the sound of birds chirping outside my window. By 7 a.m., I
was out the door, jogging along the quiet neighborhood
streets. Afterward, I returned home to prepare a big breakfast
for my family. Around 10 a.m., we decided to visit the local
farmer's market, where we picked up fresh produce and
handmade crafts. In the afternoon, we drove to the nearby
lake for a picnic, laughing and sharing stories as the gentle
breeze cooled us. By sunset, we were back home, tired but
happy, as we gathered in the living room to watch a movie.
Finally, at 11 p.m., I crawled into bed, reflecting on the perfect
mix of relaxation and adventure throughout the day.
b.
Process

arranges details or information based

on steps or stages.
 b.
• Process
1. How to Make Tea:
First, boil water.
• Next, place a tea bag in your cup.
• Then, pour the hot water over the tea bag.
• Afterward, let it steep for 3–5 minutes.
• Finally, remove the tea bag, add sugar or milk if desired, and enjoy.

2. Making a homemade pizza is easier than it seems if you follow the steps in order.
First, gather all your ingredients: dough, tomato sauce, cheese, and your favorite
toppings. Next, preheat your oven to 475°F (245°C) to ensure it’s hot enough for
baking. Then, roll out the dough on a floured surface until it’s your desired thickness
and shape. After that, spread the tomato sauce evenly over the dough and sprinkle it
with shredded cheese. Now, add your chosen toppings, like pepperoni, mushrooms,
or bell peppers. Once everything is ready, place the pizza in the oven and bake it for
about 12–15 minutes, or until the crust is golden brown and the cheese is bubbling.
Finally, remove the pizza from the oven, let it cool for a couple of minutes, slice it,
and enjoy!
 4.CLASSIFICATION AND
DIVISIONS

uses criteria or standards in

organizing ideas into divisions,
classes or categories.
 CLASSIFICATION

TYPES OF READING MATERIALS

1. Fiction: Novels, short stories, and plays that are based on imaginative narratives (e.g.,
Harry Potter series)

2. Non-fiction: Books, articles, and essays that provide factual information or arguments
(e.g., biographies, history books, or news articles).

3. Poetry: Writing that expresses ideas, emotions, or stories in verse form (e.g., The Raven
by Edgar Allan Poe).

4. Drama: Scripts intended for performance on stage, television, or film (e.g., Romeo and
Juliet).
 DIVISION
THE WRITING PROCESS
1. Prewriting: This stage involves brainstorming, outlining, and organizing ideas before writing.
Writers may also research the topic to gather relevant information

2. Drafting: During this stage, writers begin to put their ideas into sentences and paragraphs,
focusing on getting the main ideas down rather than perfecting the writing.

3. Revising: Here, writers look at their drafts critically, improving content, structure, and clarity. This
may involve reorganizing paragraphs or rewriting sentences for better flow.

4. Editing: This stage focuses on correcting grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors to ensure the
writing is polished.

5. Publishing: The final stage involves sharing the work with an audience, whether through printing,
submitting it online, or presenting it orally.
 5.
EXEMPLIFICATIO
N

-provides concrete or authentic

examples and illustrations in order
to further clarify or explain the
concept or main idea of the text
 5.
EXEMPLIFICATIOThe Benefits of Reading Regularly

N
Reading is not just a leisure activity; it has many cognitive and
emotional benefits. For example, research shows that reading
regularly improves vocabulary and language skills. One study found
that people who read frequently have a wider range of vocabulary
and use language more effectively in both writing and speaking.
Another example is the ability of reading fiction to develop empathy
—novels like To Kill a Mockingbird allow readers to see the world from
different perspectives, fostering emotional intelligence and
understanding of others. These examples illustrate how reading can
enrich both language abilities and emotional growth.
 6.COMPARISON AND
CONTRAST

organizes ideas through citing the

similarities and differences of people,
things, and events being discussed
6.COMPARISON AND
CONTRAST

can be done separately describing only

one
item first followed by
the second item and side- by-side
discussing both items based on each
6.COMPARISON AND
CONTRAST
7. CAUSE AND
EFFECT

a pattern that explains why something

happens and the results produced by a
particular event or phenomenon
7. CAUSE AND
EFFECT

a pattern that explains why something

happens and the results produced by a
particular event or phenomenon
7. CAUSE AND
EFFECT
Cause:The heavy rainfall over the past week caused the river to overflow
its banks.

Effect:
As a result, several homes near the river were flooded, and roads were
washed out, making it difficult for people to travel. Many families had to
evacuate their homes to safety.

In this example, the cause is the heavy rainfall, and the effect is the
flooding and damage that followed.
 8. PROBLEM-
SOLUTION

a pattern that gives focus on

discussing either a problem or a
solution to a particular situation
 8. PROBLEM-
SOLUTION
Problem: Many students today face significant stress due to the
increasing academic pressure in schools. For example, research indicates
that high school students report feeling overwhelmed by the demands of
homework, extracurricular activities, and standardized tests.

Solution: One solution to reduce stress in students is to implement longer

breaks between classes, allowing students to rest and recharge. Studies
have shown that short breaks improve concentration and mental well-
being. Another solution could be to incorporate mindfulness or relaxation
practices into the school day, giving students tools to manage anxiety. By
making these changes, schools can create an environment that reduces
stress and supports student well-being.
9.
PERSUASION

a pattern that persuades the readers

to agree to an argument or claim
about a particular issue through
presenting a set of evidence leading to
a reasonable conclusion
9.
PERSUASION

a pattern that organizes ideas using

enumeration without requiring items
to be
in sequence because it does not
observe the element of time.
9.
PERSUASION
9.
PERSUASION
 9.
PERSUASION
Every school should implement a later start time for students.
Research consistently shows that teenagers need more sleep to
perform well academically and maintain good mental health. For
example, studies by the American Academy of Pediatrics have found
that starting school later allows teens to get the recommended 8 to 10
hours of sleep, leading to improved focus, mood, and overall
performance in class. Additionally, when schools start earlier, students
often arrive tired and irritable, which can affect their behavior and ability
to learn. By pushing back school start times, we can help students
succeed academically, improve their well-being, and ultimately create a
more productive school environment.
Which one
fits?
Identify the
pattern of
development that
best fits the
following thesis
statement.
Which one
fits?
1. Although
cellular phones
have many
similar features
they too have
significant
 Which one
fits?
2. E-commercial
platforms have
many great shops,
sellers are very
accommodating
and products are
authentic and of
 Which one
fits?
3. There are many
reasons why
opening of classes
was pursued by
the Department of
Education despite
the pandemic.
 Which one
fits?
4. Eating junk
foods and frozen
foods may lead to
various side
effects.
 Which one
fits?
5. Sex
exploitation
among minors is a
social issue that
needs urgent
attention.
 Conclusi
Inon
conclusion, understanding and utilizing patterns of
development is essential for creating well-structured
and compelling writing. Whether it's narration,
description, comparison and contrast, cause and
effect, or problem and solution, each pattern serves a
unique purpose in helping writers communicate their
ideas in an organized and engaging way. By mastering
these patterns, writers can enhance clarity, strengthen
arguments, and improve the overall flow of their work.
Whether in academic essays, reports, or creative
writing, these patterns provide the framework
necessary to effectively express complex ideas and
ensure that the message is clear and impactful for the
audience..
 Activity: Exploring Patterns of Paragraph Development

Instructions:
1.Below are five paragraph prompts. Each prompt
corresponds to a specific pattern of paragraph
development.
2.Write a paragraph for each prompt, ensuring you apply
the correct pattern.
1. Narration
Prompt: Write a paragraph narrating a memorable experience from your life, focusing on the
sequence of events.

2. Description
Prompt: Describe a place that is special to you. Focus on sensory details to help the reader visualize
it.

3. Exemplification
Prompt: Write a paragraph explaining why good time management is important, providing specific
examples to support your ideas.

4. Cause and Effect

Prompt: Write a paragraph explaining the effects of procrastination on student performance.

5. Comparison and Contrast

Prompt: Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting studying in a library and studying at home.