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ER Model

The document explains the Entity-Relationship (ER) model, which is used to define data elements and relationships for database conceptual design. It describes ER diagrams as graphical representations that simplify the modeling of real-world objects and relationships, making them easy to understand and create. Additionally, the document introduces the Extended ER model (EER) for more complex databases, highlighting concepts like subclasses and superclasses.

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2 views25 pages

ER Model

The document explains the Entity-Relationship (ER) model, which is used to define data elements and relationships for database conceptual design. It describes ER diagrams as graphical representations that simplify the modeling of real-world objects and relationships, making them easy to understand and create. Additionally, the document introduces the Extended ER model (EER) for more complex databases, highlighting concepts like subclasses and superclasses.

Uploaded by

23cse353.sanchitapradhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Entity-Relationship Model

Satyanarayan Sahu
What is ER Model ?
 ER model stands for an Entity-
Relationship model.
 This model is used to define the
data elements and relationship
for a specified system.
 It develops a conceptual design
for the database.
What is ER Diagram?
It is a graphical representation
that depicts relationships
among people, objects, places,
concepts or events within an
information technology (IT)
system.
Why ER diagrams are
used ?
 ER diagrams are used to represent the E-R
model in a database, which makes them
easy to be converted into relations (tables).
 ER diagrams provide the purpose of real-
world modeling of objects which makes
them intently useful.
 ER diagrams require no technical
knowledge and no hardware support.
 These diagrams are very easy to
understand and easy to create even for a
naive user.
 It gives a standard solution for visualizing
the data logically.
Symbols used in ER
Diagram
Components of ER
Diagram
Entity
An Entity may be an object with a
physical existence – a particular
person, car, house, or employee –
or it may be an object with a
conceptual existence – a company,
a job, or a university course.
Types of Entity
1. Strong Entity
A Strong Entity is a type of entity that has a
key Attribute. Strong Entity does not depend on
other Entity in the Schema. It has a primary
key, that helps in identifying it uniquely, and it
is represented by a rectangle. These are called
Strong Entity Types.
2. Weak Entity
An Entity type has a key attribute that uniquely
identifies each entity in the entity set. But
some entity type exists for which key attributes
can’t be defined. These are called
Weak Entity types.
Attributes
Attributes are the properties that
define the entity type. For
example, Roll_No, Name, DOB,
Age, Address, and Mobile_No are
the attributes that define entity
type Student. In ER diagram, the
attribute is represented by an
oval.
Types of Attributes
1. Key Attribute
2. Composite Attribute
3. Multivalued Attribute
4. Derived Attribute
Key Attribute
Composite Attribute
Multivalued Attribute
Derived Attribute
ER Diagram
Representation
Extended ER Model
EER Model
 The Extended Entity-Relationship
(EER) model is a conceptual (or
semantic) data model, capable of
describing the data requirements
for a new information system in a
direct and easy to understand
graphical notation.
 As the complexity of database
increases day by day, we need to
use Extended ER model to
represent it.
Concepts used in EER
Model
EER Model uses the concept of
 Subclass
 Superclass
 Specialization
 Generalization
 Aggregation
 Union
Subclass and Superclass
Subclass and Superclass

Sub classes are the group of


entities with some unique
attributes. Sub class inherits the
properties and attributes from
super class.
Union
Thank you

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