Software Project Management

By
Duri Shahwar
 Outcomes
Upon completion of this lecture, you would be able
to know
 Terminologies
 Project attributes
 Project constraints
 Project features
 Project classification
 Project manager
 Integration management
 Project Plan development
 Integration change control
 Terminologies
• Deliverables: The result of the project is called deliverable. It may be
product, service or report etc
• Stakeholders: Anyone with vested interest in the project is a
stakeholder. It may be project manager, team members or customer
• Tasks: Small jobs that leads to the final deliverable
• Milestones: The end of one project phase and the beginning of next
• Resources: Anything you need to complete the project
• Budget: The total cost related to completing the project
• Tracking and Monitoring: Collecting project data and making sure it
reflects the desired results
 Project Attributes
• Whatever the size and shape of the project is, the
following attributes define the project further
 Project has a unique purpose
 Project is temporary
 Project is developed in iterative fashion
 Project requires resources
 Project involves uncertainty
 Project should have primary stakeholder or sponsor
 Project Constraints
• Project need to be developed and deliver under certain
constraints. Traditionally the following acts as project constraints
 Scope: It refers to what must be done to produce the
project’s end result. It defines specification of the final
product
 Time: It refers to the amount of time available to complete a
project
 Cost: It refers to the budgeted amount available for a project
• These constraints are interdependent. Therefore, in project
management we need to organize our work in such a way to
meet these constraints
(On Time, On Spec and On budget)
 Features of project
• Projects are often carried out by a team of people who have
been assembled for that specific purpose. The activities of this
team may be coordinated by a project manager.
• Project teams may consist of people from different backgrounds
and different parts of the organization. In some cases project
teams may consist of people from different organizations.
• Project teams may be inter-disciplinary groups and are likely to
lie outside the normal organization hierarchies.
• The project team will be responsible for delivery of the project
end product to some sponsor within or outside the organization.
 Project classification
• Although more activities are introduced in project
management but the basic approaches to project
management remain the same regardless of the type of
project being considered.
• But project can be classified into the following major
areas
 Engineering and construction
 Introduction of new systems
 Responding to deadlines and change
 Project Manager
• The individual who manage all the activities of the project to
maintain the progress and mutual interaction of various
parties to minimize the risk of failure is called project manager
• Main duty of project manager is to deliver product at time, within
budget and maintain the desired quality
• Other responsibilities includes
 Interpersonal (Leadership skills)
 Informational (Communication skills)
 Decision making (Allocating budget)
 Mediator (resolving conflicts)
 Integration Management
• In a single project several elements are related with each
other.
• Project integration management is a way of making various
processes work together. OR
• The process in which all elements of the project coordinate
with each other is called integration management. (tasks,
stakeholder, resources etc)
• Managing conflicts between different aspects of the project,
making trade-off and evaluating resources also comes under
the umbrella of integration management
 Cont’d
• Software projects are complex and the following different parts of
the project need to be managed properly.
 schedule, cost, scope, quality, resources, risk, changes and
stakeholders
• For example what if project scope changes
 It may effect the schedule
 It will increase the cost
 It will need more resources
• Change in one factor will impact the other. So integration
management is important.
 Cont’d
• Integration management can be
implemented with the help of the
following processes
Planning
 Execution
• The project manager must consider
these processes with a tight control on
each one.
 1. Planning
• The formally approved document used to manage project execution is called project management plan
and the process through which this plan is created is called planning.
• This plan documents the actions required to define, prepare, integrate and coordinate different
planning activities.
• The plan must clearly define the execution, monitoring, controlling and closing of the project
• Input
 Project charter
 Project scope
 Other environmental factors
• Output
 Scope management
 Cost management
 HR management
 Quality management
 2. Project Plan Execution

• The implementation of project is known as project execution.

• Putting all previously planned activities into action is called
execution of the project.
• We must ensure that the project deliverables and objectives must
meet stakeholder expectations during the project execution.
• Other knowledge area need to consider during the execution
stage are
 Integration management
 HR management
 Stakeholder management
 Integrated change control

• The process of reviewing change request in the project plan,

analyzing those requests and implementing the approved
changes is called integrated change control.
• The change request may be
 Preventive
 Corrective
 Defect repair
 Updates
 Integrated change control

• The following steps need to be taken when a

change request arises
 Create a log for change request
 Analyze the impact of the change
 Decide an action (defer, reject or accept)
 Communicate the decision
 Update the project management plan
Integrated change control
 ?

Thank You!