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Lesson 4 Variance and Standar Deviation of Dicrete

The document provides a comprehensive guide on calculating the variance of discrete probability distributions, including steps to find the mean, subtracting it from random variable values, squaring the results, and obtaining the final variance. It illustrates the process with examples and includes activities for practice. The final variance is calculated as 0.75, with the standard deviation being approximately 0.87.

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Pauline Misty Panganiban
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7 views15 pages

Lesson 4 Variance and Standar Deviation of Dicrete

The document provides a comprehensive guide on calculating the variance of discrete probability distributions, including steps to find the mean, subtracting it from random variable values, squaring the results, and obtaining the final variance. It illustrates the process with examples and includes activities for practice. The final variance is calculated as 0.75, with the standard deviation being approximately 0.87.

Uploaded by

Pauline Misty Panganiban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistics and Probability

Variance of Discrete
Probability Distribution
Objectives:

1. Illustrate and calculate the variance of discrete


random variable;
2. Interpret the variance of a discrete random
variable and
3. Solve problems involving variance of probability
distributions.

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Introduction

The variance and standard deviation


describe the amount of spread, dispersion,
or variability of the items in a distribution.

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Steps in Finding the Variance and Standard
Deviation of a Discrete Probability Distribution

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.


2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random
variable X.
3. Square the results obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.

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Step 1.
X P(X) X • P(X)
Find the mean of 3 1/8 3/8
the probability 2 3/8 6/8
distribution
1 3/8 3/8
using the
formula 0 1/8 0

μ=∑X• P(X) =

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Step 2.
Subtract the mean from each value of the
random variable X.

X P(X) X • P(X) X-𝝁


3 1/8 3/8 1.5
2 3/8 6/8 0.5
1 3/8 3/8 -0.5
0 1/8 0 -1.5

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Step 3.
Square the results obtained in Step 2.

X P(X) X • P(X) X-𝝁 (X-𝝁)²


3 1/8 3/8 1.5 2.25
2 3/8 6/8 0.5 0.25
1 3/8 3/8 -0.5 0.25
0 1/8 0 -1.5 2.25

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Step 4.
Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.

X P(X) X • P(X) X-𝝁 (X-𝝁)² (X-𝝁)²● P(X)

3 1/8 3/8 1.5 2.25 0.28125


2 3/8 6/8 0.5 0.25 0.09375
1 3/8 3/8 -0.5 0.25 0.09375
0 1/8 0 -1.5 2.25 0.28125
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Step 5.

Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4. The


result is the value of the variance. So, the formula for
the variance is:

σ² = Σ(X – μ)² • P(X)


σ² = 0.75

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Step 6.

Get the square root of the variance to get the


standard deviation.

The variance of the probability distribution is


0.75.
The standard deviation is σ = √0.75 = 0.87.

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Illustrative Example:
The number of cars sold per day at a
local car dealership, along with its
corresponding probabilities, is shown
in the succeeding table. Compute the
variance and the standard deviation of
the probability distribution.

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Activity : Number of Item Sold
The number of cars sold per day at local car dealership, with
its corresponding probabilities, is shown in the table. Find the
variance and standard deviation of the probability distribution

Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)

19 0.20
20 0.20
21 0.30
22 0.20
23 0.10
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Activity:
1. Find the variance and standard
deviation of the probability distribution of
the random variable X, which can take only
the values 3, 6, 8, and 10, given that P(3) =
0.15, P(6) = 0.35, P(8) = 0.40, P(10) =
0.10.
2.Find the variance and standard deviation
of the probability distribution of the random
variable Y, which can take only the values
1, 3, 5, and 7, given that P(1) = 4/9, P(3) =
2/9, P(5) = 1/9, P(7) = 2/9.
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Activity:
1.Find the variance and standard deviation of the
probability distribution of the random variable Z,
which can take only the values 5, 10, 15, 20, and
25, given that P(5) = 1/10, P(10) = 2/10, P(15) =
3/10, P(20) = 2/10, P(25)= 2/10.
2.Find the variance and standard deviation of the
probability distribution of the random variable P,
which can take only the values 10, 20, 30, and
40, given that P(10) = 0.25, P(20) = 0.15, P(30)
= 0.30, P(40) = 0.30.

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Thank you!

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