Aquatic Biomes

Conservation
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 INTRODUCTION
• Development and observation of a raft aquaponics system
combining aquaculture and hydroponics.
• Selected species: catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and tomato
(Solanum lycopersicum).
• 8-week monitoring of water quality, plant growth, and fish
development.
Study aims:
• - Explore interdependence between aquatic organisms and
plants.
• - Highlight efficiency and sustainability of the system.
 OBJECTIVES

01 02 03
• To design and • To monitor and • To evaluate the
construct a analyze water growth
functional raft quality parameters. performance of
aquaponics system. catfish and the
development of
tomato plants.
First Designed System
PRESENTED MATERIALS

Fish tank (unused refrigerator) Gravel/stones/charcoal/screen

20-watt submersible pump • Coco coir&Coco Peat
2m 5/16" level hose • 80L deep well water
Extension Wire (5m) • 10 pcs 50 g Catfish
0.3 m PVC Pipe,82 mm • 1kg Pre-starter Catfish Feeds
0.2 m PVC Pipe, 50 mm • 3kg grower Catfish Feeds
Drill Cutting saw • Water Quality Tester
Vulca Seal Boostik 3pcs • Ammonia Test Kit
Rectangular container • Grow Bed ( Wood or Styro Box)
16 pcs in styro cups • Nails #1 & #2
16 pcs tomato plant • Hammer
Crop to be Grown
 TOMATOES (Solanum lycopersicum)

Fish to be Cultured
 AFRICAN CATFISH/HITO (Clarias gariepinus)
 WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENT FOR CATFISH

Dissolved oxygen (DO). Catfish require a minimum DO level of 5 mg/L, and levels below
this can lead to stress and increased susceptibility to disease. DO levels can be affected
by a number of factors, including temperature, stocking density, and water flow.
pH. Catfish prefer a pH range of 6.5-8.0. Outside of this range, the fish will experience
stress, which can lead to reduced growth rates and increased susceptibility to disease.

Ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate are also important water quality parameters to monitor in
catfish farming. Ammonia and nitrite are toxic to fish at high levels and can lead to stress
and disease. Nitrate is less toxic to fish, but high levels can lead to poor water quality and
reduced growth rates.

Temperature is another important water quality parameter that should be monitored.

Catfish prefer a temperature range of 75-85°F. Outside of this range, the fish will
experience stress and reduced growth rates.
Reference: https://catfishfarmenterprise.com/water-quality-in-catfish/
 GROWING AQUAPONICS TOMATOES
pH level: The ideal pH range is 5.5 to 6.5.

Temperature: Tomatoes thrive in the warmer temperature of 75°F to 85°F. Maintain this
temperature range to help tomatoes flourish. Tomatoes growth will stop when the air and water
temperature exceeds 95°F.

Grow medium: Tomatoes can be grown in raft beds and media beds, but most aquaponics
gardeners prefer media beds. Use stalks or trellis to ensure your tomatoes are supported.

Sunlight requirements: Tomatoes thrive in total sun exposure.

Fish type to consider: Trout, tilapia, catfish koi, goldfish, angelfish, and crappie are warm water
aquaponics fish species that are an excellent match for tomatoes.
Planting tomatoes: Space tomatoes 10-12 inches apart to allow space to receive the nutrients
they need.

Harvest time: The harvest time will depend on the tomato variety you choose to grow, but in
general, most tomatoes can be harvested in 60-80 days.
 Actual Design
Tomato Plant PVC Pipes
(Water tank -Primary Filter)

Secondary
Filter

Primary
Filter

Recycled
Styro-Cups Refrigerator

PVC Pipes Submersible

(Grow Bed – Secondary Filter - Water Tank) Grow Bed Pump Aerator
Week 1- 2
Week 3 - 4
 Data Gathered
Girth Height
Temperature
PH Leaves
700
31
7.9

600
7.8
30
7.7
500
29
7.6
400
7.5
28
300
7.4
27
7.3
200
7.2
26
100
7.1
2570
14
14 1 2
16
16 3 184
18 5 20
20 6 722
22 8 9
24
24 10 26
2611 1228
28 13 14
30
30
Week 5- 6
 Data Gathered
Morning (Before Water Circulation) Morning (After Water Circulation)
1800.0 2000
1600.0 1800
1600
1400.0
1400
1200.0
1000.0
1200 M
1000
800.0 800
600.0 600
400.0 400

200.0 200
0
0.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
PH TDS EC TEMP
PH TDS EC TEMP
 Data Gathered
Afternoon Data
1800

1600

1400
M
1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

PH TDS EC TEMP
For more clearer graph of
Data Gathered
temperature and PH

Morning (Before) Morning After

40.0 35

35.0 30 M
30.0 25
25.0 20
20.0 15
15.0
10
10.0
5
5.0
0
0.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
PH TEMP
PH TEMP
For more clearer graph of
Data Gathered
temperature and PH

Afternoon
35

30 M
25

20

15

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

PH TEMP
Data Gathered For Plants

Plants
700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14

Girth (mm) Height (mm) Leaves

Disease Encountered

Fungal infections are one of the most common disorders

of fish. Fungal spores and discoloration naturally populate
fish tanks, an sick, stressed, or injured fishes can cause a
dangerous increase. This infections are known as white
cotton wool growth on the skin, mouth, fins or gills. This
condition is normally a secondary problem. One step to do
for this situation is to treat the underlying disease by
changing the water in the tank and quarantine the fish
infected. Salt will also be a good remedy, given that the
fish can tolerate such treatment, and an anti fungal agent
will serve good as well (Fiona, 2024).
Plant Report

Wilting was observed in plants.

Possible Causes

Insufficient water
When the soil of a plant runs too low of available
water, the plant loses its turgidity and begins to
wilt.

Temperature
High water temperatures can disrupt a plant's
ability to absorb water, causing the leaves to wilt.

Nutrient deficiencies
WEEK 7 - 8
WATER QUALITY
Sample
PLANT
Girth (mm) Height (mm) Leaves
CONCLUSION
The raft aquaponics system demonstrated its
potential for sustainable plant and fish production.
However, challenges such as fluctuations in water
quality, particularly EC and temperature, led to
nutrient imbalances affecting plant growth and fish
uniformity. Proper monitoring and management of
key parameters like pH, EC, and temperature are
essential to optimize system performance. Overall
the study highlighted the need for more precise
management of water chemistry and system
parameters to optimize the performance of
aquaponics raft system.
 Recommendations
To enhance tomato growth in your aquaponic
system, consider these key factors. Increase
the growing bed volume to improve nutrient
storage and availability. If root-bound, repot
plants into larger containers. Ensure adequate
sunlight, especially in the morning, and
provide proper air circulation to prevent
diseases.
 Recommendations
Maintain consistent water supply while
avoiding overwatering and overfertilization.
Misting plants in the early morning can help
cool them and increase humidity. Provide
shade during peak heat and remove it during
cooler periods. While aquaponics offers
unique benefits, soil-based gardening may
be more optimal for maximizing tomato
growth and yield.
 Thanks!
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