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Bit Map

The document explains the differences between bitmap and vector image representations. Bitmaps store images as a grid of pixels with various file formats like JPEG, PNG, and GIF, while vector images use mathematical equations for shapes, allowing for scalability and editability. Key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of both formats are discussed, along with common file types for each.

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12 views21 pages

Bit Map

The document explains the differences between bitmap and vector image representations. Bitmaps store images as a grid of pixels with various file formats like JPEG, PNG, and GIF, while vector images use mathematical equations for shapes, allowing for scalability and editability. Key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of both formats are discussed, along with common file types for each.

Uploaded by

happiness
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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represent

ation
bit map - raster
vector
Bitmap
• Bitmap representation of images is a way of storing and displaying
digital images
• using a grid of pixels,
• where each pixel is assigned a color
• file types tiff Tag Image File Format or Tagged Image File Format
• jpg joint photographic group
• jpeg joint photograhic expert group highly compressed
• png portable network graphic not limited to 256 colors
• Gif graphic interchage format limited to 256 colors
• PNG follows a lossless compression technique, and its images can
consume a lot of space.
• JPEG can drastically compress images while making them smaller and
saving your storage space.
• jpeg and jpg are same
• tiff TIFF files store much more image data than their JPEG
counterparts. This makes them a favorite with photographers due to
their stunning image quality.
• GIF is a raster file format designed for relatively basic images that
appear mainly on the Internet.
Key aspects:

• 1. Pixel grid: The image is divided into a rectangular


grid of tiny squares, called pixels.
• 2. Color values: Each pixel is assigned a color value,
which can be represented by a combination of red,
green, and blue (RGB) intensities.
• 3. Bitmap: The resulting grid of color values is stored
as a bitmap, a two-dimensional array of pixels.
Characteristics:

• 1. Resolution: The number of pixels per inch (PPI)


determines the image's resolution.
• 2. Color depth: The number of bits used to represent
each pixel's color value determines the color depth
(e.g., 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit).
• 3. File size: The bitmap's file size increases with the
number of pixels and color depth.
When to use bitmaps:

• 1. Photographic images:
• 2. Graphics with subtle color gradations: Bitmaps can
accurately represent smooth color transitions.
When to avoid bitmaps:
• When to avoid bitmaps:

• 1. Graphics with text or logos:


• 2. Images requiring scalability:
Common bitmap file formats:

• 1. BMP (Windows Bitmap)


• 2. TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
• 3. PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
• 4. GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
vector
• uses mathematical equations to draw shapes
and lines, rather than a grid of pixels like
bitmaps
• raster vs vector
Key aspects:

1. Paths and shapes: Images are composed of paths


and shapes, defined by mathematical equations.

2. Vectors: These paths and shapes are represented by


vectors, which are lines with direction and magnitude.

3. Scalability: Vector images can be scaled up or down


without losing quality, as the equations are
recalculated.
Characteristics:
• 1. Resolution-independent: Vector images don't rely on
resolution; they remain crisp at any size.
•
2. Editability: Vector shapes can be edited individually, making it
easy to modify images.
•
3. File size: Vector files are often smaller than bitmap files,
especially for simple images.
•
Advantages:
•
1. Scalability: Vector images scale perfectly without
losing quality.
•
2. Editability: Easy to modify individual elements
within the image.
•
Disadvantages:
•
Disadvantages
1. Complexity: Vector images can be complex and
difficult to create.
•
2. Rendering time: Vector images can take longer to
render than bitmaps.
types of vector
• AI (Adobe Illustrator),
• EPS (Encapsulated PostScript),
• PDF (Portable Document Format) and
• SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics).

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