IBM Global Services

Control Statements

Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Objectives
 The participants will be able to:
 Use the basic Control Flow Constructs that are available in the ABAP Editor
 Use the following statements in an ABAP Program
 IF, CASE, DO, WHILE, CHECK, EXIT, and CONTINUE
 Use the Logical Expressions that are available in the ABAP Editor

2 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Basic Flow Control in ABAP

3 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

The IF Statement

IF X =5.
WRITE :/ ‘The value of X is 5’.
ELSEIF X =6.
WRITE :/ ‘The value of X is 6’.
ELSE .
WRITE :/ ‘X is neither 5 nor 6’.
ENDIF.

4 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Logical Expressions
Logical Expressions use :
RELATIONAL OPERATORS
LOGICAL OPERATORS
STRING COMPARISON OPERATORS

5 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Relational Operators

Comparison Syntax
Is Equal to =, EQ
Is not equal to < >, ><, NE
Greater than >, GT
Greater than or equal to > =, = >, GE
Less than <, LT
Less than or equal to <=, =<, LE

6 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Logical Operators

AND
OR
NOT

The hierarchy of the logical

operators is: NOT, AND and
then OR. (i.e. different from
creating views)

7 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Bad Programming Practice with Logical Operators

If not ( X = 0 )
or not ( Y = 1 and
Z = X or X = 3
and ( Z = 5 )

8 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

String Comparison Operators

Comparison Syntax
Contains only CO
Contains any CA

Contains string CS
Contains pattern CP
Contains not only CN
Contains not any NA
Contains no string NS
Contains no pattern NP

9 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Demonstration

 Writing an ABAP program with the ‘IF’ statement with logical operators.

10 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Practice

 Writing an ABAP program with the ‘IF’ statement with logical operators.

11 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

The CASE Statement

hen
W
V E ’.
‘SA n
CASE Whe .
RTA’
SY-UCOMM. ‘S

When
‘SRTD’.

When
Wh ‘GET
en D’.
‘ P IC
Don’t forget K’.
those periods!

12 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Demonstration

 Writing an ABAP program with the ‘CASE’ statement.

13 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Practice

 Writing an ABAP program with the ‘CASE’ statement.

14 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

The DO Loop

J =4.
DO. DO J TIMES.
WRITE :/ ‘Hello world!’. WRITE :/ ‘Hello world!’.
ENDDO. ENDDO.

15 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

The WHILE Loop

If expression evaluates to
FALSE, code in loop is NOT
If expression evaluates executed, and control moves
to TRUE, code in loop is to after ENDWHILE.
executed.

16 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Nested Loops and Control Structures

DO 2 TIMES.
WRITE :/ SY-INDEX.
DO 3 TIMES.
WRITE : / ‘ ‘, SY-INDEX.
ENDDO.
ENDDO.

17 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

The CHECK Statement

DO 10 TIMES.
CHECK SY-INDEX <= 4.
WRITE :/ SY-INDEX.
ENDDO.

18 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

The EXIT Statement

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
EXIT.
ENDIF.

19 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

The CONTINUE Statement

DO 10 TIMES.
IF SY-INDEX >4.
CONTINUE .
ENDIF.
WRITE :/ SY-INDEX.
ENDDO.

20 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Demonstration

 Writing an ABAP program and work with the ‘LOOP’ statement.

21 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Practice

 Writing an ABAP program and work with the ‘LOOP’ statement.

22 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Summary
 Logical expressions are constructed using relational, logical, and string
comparison operators.
 The CASE statement is used to distinguish between mutually exclusive options.
 A DO loop is used to unconditionally execute a block of code multiple times.
 WHILE loop conditionally executes a block of code, possibly multiple times.
 The CHECK statement is used to test a logical expression
 The EXIT statement unconditionally terminates a loop, subroutine, or program.
 The CONTINUE statement is used inside a loop.

23 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation

 IBM Global Services

Questions
 What are the different kind of control statements in ABAP?
 What are different logical expressions available in ABAP?

24 Control Statements | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation