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++unit 2 - Examples - D2L

The document provides examples and exercises related to applied differential equations, including determining the order and linearity of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), verifying solutions of partial differential equations, and solving initial value problems. It emphasizes methods such as separation of variables and the use of integrating factors to solve ODEs. Additionally, it includes practice problems for reinforcing understanding of the concepts presented.

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13 views19 pages

++unit 2 - Examples - D2L

The document provides examples and exercises related to applied differential equations, including determining the order and linearity of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), verifying solutions of partial differential equations, and solving initial value problems. It emphasizes methods such as separation of variables and the use of integrating factors to solve ODEs. Additionally, it includes practice problems for reinforcing understanding of the concepts presented.

Uploaded by

4jgsnyswmr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AECH4102 - Applied Differential Equations

Unit 2 – Additional Examples – D2L


www.udst.edu.q
13
Example
Determine the order of the following ODE and whether the equation is linear or non-
linear.

Linearity:

3
Example Cont’d

4
Example
Verify that the indicated function is a solution (explicit) of the given partial
differential equation.

5
6
7
Example
Verify that the indicated function is an implicit solution of the given differential
equation. If possible, find an explicit solution.

8
Example Solve ODE:

9
Using reverse product rule
Find general solutions of the equation

𝑑 3
( 𝑥 𝑦 ) =sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
Test Your Understanding
Find general solutions of the equation Find general solutions of the equation

𝑑
𝑑𝑥 ( ) 𝑦
𝑥
=𝑒 𝑥 𝑑
𝑑𝑥
( 2𝑥 𝑦 ) =𝑥
2 2

10
Test Your Understanding
Edexcel FP2(Old) June 2011 Q3
Find the general solution of the differential equation

11
Example 3: Implicit Solution of Initial
Value Problem (1 of 2)
• Consider the following initial value problem:
y cos x
y  3
, y (0) 1
1 3y
• Separating variables and using calculus, we obtain
1 3y3
dy cos xdx
y
1 2
 y  3 y  dy cos xdx
ln y  y 3 sin x  C

• Using the initial condition, it follows that


ln y  y 3 sin x  1
12
Examples
Find general solutions to Find general solutions to

Known as ‘separating
the variables’.

where (a family of “rectangular


hyperbolae” [see FP1])

13
Solutions
: dy
2
(1  x ) 2 x
dx
2x f ( x )
  1  x
dy  2
dx
 f ( x)
dx

 y ln( 1  x 2 )  C

(b) dyy
e 1
dx
 e y dy  dx

 e y x  C  y ln x  C

14
dy
3.  2 x 2 e  y : x 0 , y 0
dx
1
 
2
 y
dy  2 x dx
e

 2 x
y 2
 e dy  2 x dx
3
y
 e   y  1C
e3
You might prefer to write as
y before you
0 , y 0thevariables.
xseparate 1 C e
3 3
y 2x 2x
 e  1 or y ln 1
3 3

15
16
17
Example 1

Check whether the following ODE is exact. If not, find an appropriate integrating
factor and make the equation exact then find the general solution of the exact
differential equation.
[ 2 𝑦 2+ 3 𝑥 ] 𝑑𝑥 +2 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 =0

18
Example 1

Check whether the following ODE is exact. If not, find an appropriate integrating
factor and make the equation exact then find the general solution of the exact
differential equation.
[ 2 𝑦 2+ 3 𝑥 ] 𝑑𝑥 +2 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 =0

Solution It is integrating factor for differential equation ;


multiply by integrating factor we get ;
The above differential equation is not exact ;

It is exact differential due to

Exact equation case;


M is integrated with respect to x we have ;

So apply this ;
(constant)
Since the implicit form C then the general solution of
The function of x alone then carry forward differential equation is written as:
case 1:

19

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