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CH 03 SystemUnit

Chapter Three discusses the system unit of a computer, detailing its components such as the power supply, processor, memory, and motherboard. It explains data representation in digital form using binary, ASCII, and Unicode, as well as the role of RAM in storing instructions. Additionally, it covers expansion slots, adapter cards, various ports, and the function of the power supply in converting AC to DC power.

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2 views21 pages

CH 03 SystemUnit

Chapter Three discusses the system unit of a computer, detailing its components such as the power supply, processor, memory, and motherboard. It explains data representation in digital form using binary, ASCII, and Unicode, as well as the role of RAM in storing instructions. Additionally, it covers expansion slots, adapter cards, various ports, and the function of the power supply in converting AC to DC power.

Uploaded by

hwdk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter Three

Discovering Computers
Fundamentals

Living in a Digital World


The System Unit

• The system unit is a case that contains electronic


components of the computer used to process data

2
The System Unit

• The inside of the system unit on a desktop


personal computer includes:
Power supply

Sound card

Video card

Processor

Memory
3
The System Unit

• The motherboard is the main circuit board of the


system unit
– A computer chip contains integrated circuits

4
Processor

• The processor, also called the central processing


unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic
instructions that operate a computer
• Contain
– Control unit
– Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

5
Processor

• The control unit is the component of the


processor that directs and coordinates most of
the operations in the computer

• The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs


arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

6
Processor

7
Data Representation

Computers are digital

Digital signals are in one of two states: on or off

• The binary system uses two unique digits (0 and 1)


• Bits and bytes
8
Data Representation
A computer circuit represents the Eight bits grouped together as a
0 or the 1 electronically by the unit are called a byte. A byte
presence or absence of an represents a single character in
electrical charge the computer

9
Data Representation

• ASCII (American
Standard Code for
Information
Interchange) is the most
widely used coding
scheme to represent
data

10
Data Representation

• Unicode or "Universal Alphabet“ is a computing


standard for the consistent encoding,
representation of text expressed in most of the
world's writing systems
• Unicode now supports three encoding forms
based on 8-, 16- and 32-bit code units.

• The latest version of Unicode contains more than


110,000 characters

11
Data Representation

12
Memory (RAM)

• RAM (Random Access Memory) chips usually


reside on a memory module and are inserted into
memory slots

13
Memory

• Memory (RAM): store instructions waiting to be


executed by the processor

• Stores three basic categories of items:

Data being
The operating
Application processed and the
system and other
programs resulting
system software
information

14
Memory

15
Memory

• Each location in memory has an address


• Memory size is measured in kilobytes (KB or K),
megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), or terabytes
(TB)

16
Memory

• Access time is the amount of time it takes the


processor to read from memory
– Measured in nanoseconds

17
Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards
• An expansion slot is a
socket on the motherboard
that can hold an adapter
card
• An adapter card enhances
functions of a component of
the system unit and/or
provides connections to
peripherals
– Sound card and video card

18
Ports

• Different types of ports include:

FireWire
USB port Audio Port
port

Bluetooth
MIDI port
port

19
Power Supply

The power supply converts the wall outlet


AC (Alternating current) power into DC
(Direct current) power

20
Discovering Computers
Fundamentals

Living in a Digital World

Chapter 3 Complete

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