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Start Small, Code Big {
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[Java Fundamentals]
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Java Programming
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Contents Of ‘This Template’;
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Here’s what you’ll find in this Slidesgo template:
4 ∗ A slide structure based on a Workshop presentation, which you can easily adapt to your needs. For
more info on how to edit the template, please visit Slidesgo School or read our FAQs.
5 ∗ An assortment of graphic resources that are suitable for use in the presentation can be found in
6 the alternative resources slide.
∗ A thanks slide, which you must keep so that proper credits for our design are given.
7 ∗ A resources slide, where you’ll find links to all the elements used in the template.
∗ Instructions for use.
8 ∗ Final slides with:
∗ The fonts and colors used in the template.
9 ∗ A selection of illustrations. You can also customize and animate them as you wish with
10 the online editor. Visit Storyset to find more.
∗ More infographic resources, whose size and color can be edited.
11 ∗ Sets of customizable icons of the following themes: general, business, avatar, creative
process, education, help & support, medical, nature, performing arts, SEO & marketing, and
12 teamwork.
13 You can delete this slide when you’re done editing the presentation.

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Programming Language
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What is an IDE? {
3 < An integrated development environment (IDE) is a
4 software application that helps programmers develop
5 software code efficiently. It increases developer productivity
6 by combining capabilities such as software editing, building,
7 testing, and packaging in an easy-to-use application.
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Programming Language
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Basic Structure of a Java Program{
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A Java program typically consists of classes and methods, with the main() method
4 being the starting point. The basic structure includes:
5  Package Declarations: Optional, used to organize classes.
6  Import Statements: Include external classes and libraries.
 Class Definition: Defining a class that encapsulates data and methods.
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 main() Method: Where program execution begins.
8  Statements: Instructions executed by the program, within methods.
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Programming Language
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Syntax Rules in Java{
3 Java syntax rules include:
4 Case Sensitivity: Java is case-sensitive.
5 Class Names: Should start with an uppercase letter.
Method Names: Should start with a lowercase letter.
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File Name: The name of the file should exactly match the class name.
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Programming Language
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Comments in Java{
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4 Java supports single-line and multi-line comments:
5 Single-Line Comments: Start with //.
6 Multi-Line Comments: Enclosed between /* and */.
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Programming Language
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Variables in Java{
3 In Java, variables are containers for storing data values. The rules for naming
4 variables are:
 Start with a Letter, Dollar Sign, or Underscore: It's typical to begin
5 with a letter. However, $ and _ are also valid.
6  Subsequent Characters: After the first character, variable names may
7 contain letters, digits, dollar signs, or underscores.
 No Java Keywords: Variable names cannot be Java keywords or reserved
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words (like int, double, class, etc.).
9  Case Sensitivity: Java variable names are case-sensitive.
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Programming Language
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Data Types in Java{
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Java supports various data types, including:
5  Primitive Types: int, char, float, double, boolean, etc.
6  Non-Primitive Types: Classes, interfaces, arrays.
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Programming Language
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Reserved Words in Java{
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4 Java reserved words include:
5  Control Flow Keywords: if, else, for, while, do,
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switch, case.
7  Access Modifiers: public, private, protected.
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 Class-Related Keywords: class, interface, extends,
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implements.
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 Others: static, final, this, super, return.
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Programming Language
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1 Displaying Output to the Screen/Console{

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To display output to the screen or console in Java, you can
6 use the System.out.println() method. This method is
7 part of the System class and allows you to output text,
8 variables, and other data to the screen. It automatically
9 adds a newline character at the end, so each call to
10 println() starts a new line.
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Programming Language
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1 Here's a simple example:{

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Programming Language
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1 Displaying Output to the Screen/Console{

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To display output to the screen or console in Java, you can
6 use the System.out.println() method. This method is
7 part of the System class and allows you to output text,
8 variables, and other data to the screen. It automatically
9 adds a newline character at the end, so each call to
10 println() starts a new line.
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Programming Language
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Example that demonstrates the use of concatenation for formatted

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output:
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In the above code, the + operator is used to concatenate the strings and variables. For formatting the floating-
point number num2, we use String.format("%.2f", num2), where %.2f indicates that we want two decimal
places for the double value num2.
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Basic Escape Sequences{
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Escape sequences are special character combinations that
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allow you to represent characters that are difficult to type or
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have a special meaning within a string. In Java programming,
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escape sequences are used to insert characters that cannot
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be typed directly into a string. This guide will cover the
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common escape sequences in Java, their usage, and provide
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examples to illustrate their functionality.
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Programming Language
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1 Common Escape Sequences{

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4 \n: Newline - Moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line.
5 \t: Tab - Inserts a horizontal tab.
6 \": Double quote - Inserts a double quote character.
\': Single quote - Inserts a single quote character.
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\\: Backslash - Inserts a backslash character.
8 \b: Backspace - Moves the cursor back one position.
9 \r: Carriage return - Moves the cursor to the beginning of the current
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\f: Form feed - Moves the cursor to the next logical page.
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Programming Language
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1 Placeholders{
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3 When displaying output in Java programming, you can
4 include variable values within the output statements using
5 placeholders, also known as format specifiers. Placeholders
6 allow you to specify where and how the values of variables
7 should be inserted into the output.
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9 In Java, the System.out.println method is commonly
10 used to print output with placeholders, providing format
11 specifiers for different data types, allowing you to
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control the formatting of the displayed values.
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Programming Language
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1 Example {
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13 In the above code, we use + to concatenate strings and the
14 } String.format method to format the floating-point value
with two decimal places.
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1 Input Operations {
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4 To accept user input in Java, you can use
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the Scanner class, which is part of the
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java.util package.
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The Scanner class allows you to read
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different types of input from the user
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and store them in variables.
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1 Example for integer {

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13 In the above code, we use the Scanner class to read an
14 } integer value from the user. The nextInt() method is used
to read an integer, and it stores the input value in the
age variable.
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1 Example for string {

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14 } In this example, we use the nextLine() method of Scanner
read a line of text (a string) entered by the user.
to
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1 Output Operations {
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3 For reading other data types, you can use similar methods of
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Scanner class:
Long Integer: long longIntVariable = scanner.nextLong();
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Floating-Point Number (Float): float floatVariable =
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scanner.nextFloat();
7 Double: double doubleVariable = scanner.nextDouble();
8 Character: char charVariable = scanner.next().charAt(0);
9 Boolean: boolean booleanVariable = scanner.nextBoolean();
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11 Remember to import java.util.Scanner at the beginning of your
12 Java file to use the Scanner class.
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1 Conclusion{
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 Output operations are crucial for displaying information
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to the user in a Java program. By using the
System.out.println() method, you can easily display output
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to the screen or console.
6  Escape sequences are valuable tools in Java programming
7 for representing special characters within strings. They
8 allow you to include characters that may have special
9 meanings or are difficult to type directly.
10  Accepting user input is a crucial aspect of many Java
11 programs, enabling interaction with users and processing
12 dynamic data.
13  The Scanner class in Java provides a convenient way to
14 } accept different types of input from the user.
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1 Activity no. 1{
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Write a Java program that displays the following
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information:
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5  Your name.
6  A message saying, "Java is case-sensitive.“
7  A statement that demonstrates the use of
8 System.out.println().
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10 Expected Output:
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Name: Sam Ananias Cases
12 Java is case-sensitive.
13 This is my first Java program!
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Programming Language
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1 Activity no. 2{
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Demonstrates the usage of a different escape sequence. The
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output should display the corresponding special characters
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and their effects. Create a code that follows the output.
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Expected
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Output:
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Programming Language
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1 Activity no. 3{
2 Create a Java program that:
3  Prompts the user to input their name, age, and height in
4 meters.
5  Stores these values in variables of appropriate data
6 types (String, int, and float).
7  Displays the collected data with a formatted message.
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9 Enter your name: Sam Ananias Cases
10 Expected Enter your age: 20
11 Output: Enter your height in meters: 1.75

12 --- User Details ---

13 Name: Sam Ananias Cases
14 } Age: 20
Height: 1.75 meters

Programming Language