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Chapter 3 Python Fundamentals Part 2 1

The document provides an overview of Python fundamentals, covering various types of operators, the structure of Python programs, and the use of comments and functions. It explains key concepts such as expressions, statements, code blocks, and indentation, emphasizing the importance of readability and organization in coding. Additionally, it distinguishes between multi-line strings and comments, and includes questions for review at the end.

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deepanshu2550
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2 views

Chapter 3 Python Fundamentals Part 2 1

The document provides an overview of Python fundamentals, covering various types of operators, the structure of Python programs, and the use of comments and functions. It explains key concepts such as expressions, statements, code blocks, and indentation, emphasizing the importance of readability and organization in coding. Additionally, it distinguishes between multi-line strings and comments, and includes questions for review at the end.

Uploaded by

deepanshu2550
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAIN HAPPY SCHOOL

CLASS 11( A+B)


SUBJECT-IP
CHAPTER-3
PYTHON FUNDAMENTAL
Python Fundamentals

Python Fundamentals
Python Fundamentals
Python Fundamentals
• These are the special symbols that help us in performing calculations
and manipulations on the data.
• The data on which operators work are called as operands.
• Python has vast variety of operators divided in different categories
depending upon the work done by them. These are
• Assignment Operators ( = )
• Arithmetic Operators (+ , - , * , / , // , % , **)
• Relational Operators ( > , < , >= , <= , == , !=)
• Logical Operators (and, or, not)
• Membership Operators ( in , not in)
• Identity Operators (is , not is)
• Unary and Binary Operators (that work on one / two values respectively)
• Bitwise and Shift Operators (& , ^ , | , >> , << )
• Miscellaneous Operators (others that are not covered in these categories)
• These are the special symbols that help in separating one part / one
element of Python program from another.
• They help us in organizing our code well and makes it easier to
understand.
• Example of Punctuators / Separators are:
• ‘
• “ Usage
• () ab = 10 (without comma it’s one variable)
• []
a , b = 5 , 10 (with comma separator now they are two different variables.)
• {}
• ,
• :
• .
• etc
• It consist of the basic structure of the Python
Program.
• It consist of 5 main elements in it. These
are :
•Expressions
•Statements
•Comments
•Functions
• In simple words they are the formulas of Mathematics that we write
in our Python Program and it evaluates to produce a result.
• They are the combination of Operators and Operands where,
• Operators are the special symbols that helps us in
performing
calculation on the data.
• Operands are the values / literals / variables / data on which
• the
Example : a = 20 Operands / Data
calculations are being performed.
b = 34
Expression / c = a + b * 16
Formula

Operators / Symbols
• A single line of code performing a particular task
is called as statement in Python.

• These are the instructions that we write in our Python


program to give command to computer to execute it.

• Example of Statements:
• a = int ( input ( “ Enter a number “)) # Input Statement
• print(a) # Print Statement
• c = a + 22 # Expression / Calculation Statement
• These are the useful piece of text that we write
remarks for our self in order to give addition readable
information about our Python Program.
• They are ignored by the Python Interpreter.
• They can be used to give some useful information like
• Date of Creation
• Explanation of what the code is actually doing
• Name of the Team Member who had coded it
• Remembering the incomplete part that we left over when
we switched to other project.
• In Python comments are of 2 Types. These are :
• Single Line Comments : Created using # symbol at the beginning
of the line.
• Multi Line Comments : Created by enclosing the comments in ‘’’
Triple Quotation marks ‘’’
• Eg # This is a Single Line Comment
: ‘’’ This is a multi line Comment ’’’
• Eg Line Comments can be of two types:
• Single
: line Comments
• Full # this is a full line comment
• Inline Comments a = 20 # this is a variable
• Multi – Line Comments are also called as Docstring which
are used for documentation purposes of the program
developed.
• Group of Code combined together with a name in order to perform a
particular task from it is called as a Function.
• Itis created to perform Code Reusability which means create
once and used many times.
• In Python Functions are of 2 types :
• Built – In Functions
• User Defined Functions
• User Defined Functions are created using def Keyword and when we
want to use them we have to call them.
• Eg : def sum(a , b):
c=a+b
print(“the sum is “, c)
sum(23,67)
• Block is a group of statements which is formed when we use colon (:)
symbol in our Python Program.
• Block is also called as Code – Block or Suite in Python.

• Indentation is a gap of almost 4 spaces that is automatically created


when we use colon symbol to create a block of code in Python.
• The main purpose of Indentation is to tell Python Program that from
where our statements are starting and till where they will be
continued.
• When we want to end a block of code we press backspace key and
come to the unindented region of the Python Program. At this point
the block will terminate.
a = 45
b=56
if a > b : Indentation
print(“ First Number is greater “)
print(“ This is the if block of code”) Block of Code
print(“ We are ending the block here “)
else :
print(“ Second Number is greater “)
print(“This is else block “)
print(“ this statement is outside the block
”)
Note : You cannot unnecessarily indent a
Statement Termination :
• Python does not use any symbol to terminate a statement.
When you press Enter key the statement is considered
terminated by default.
• Note : We can use Semi Colon ( ; ) Symbol to separate
statements in Python
Maximum Line Length :
• It is advised to have not more than 79 characters in a line of
code.
Lines and Indentation :
• Block of code are denoted by line Indentation which is equal
Blank Lines :
• Whenever you are creating a function after another function leave a
blank line between them to increase readability of code.
Avoid multiple statements on one line :
• As we know that we can have more than one statements in one line
by separating hem with ; symbol but it is not recommended to do so.
Whitespace :
• You should always have whitespace around operators again for the
sake of increasing the readability of code.
Case Sensitive
Docstring Convention :
• Conventionaly ‘’’
Difference between Multi – Line String and Multi – Line Comments:
• Even when both of them are created using ‘’’ Triple Quotes ‘’’ how
Python is able to judge that which of them is Multi – Line String and
which is Multi – Line Comment.
• The answer to this question is:
• If you enclose any string in ‘’’ Triple Quotes ‘’’ then it will be treated
as multiline comment.
• Example: Ram is Playing
‘’’ He is a good boy ‘’’
• If you enclose any string in ‘’’ Triple Quotes ‘’’ but assign it to a
variable or use it in a print () function then Python treats it as
multiline string.
• Example: a = ‘’’ My name is Vivek ‘’’
Note : Answer the following questions in comments section of video

1. What is the gap called as which is automatically created when

we form a block of code in Python?


2. Which punctuator is used to form a Block of Code in python?

3. What is the other name for multiline comments?

4. The mathematical formulas are called as _ in


Python.

5. What is the name of the = operator in Python?

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