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EEE 101 Presentation

The document explains Kirchhoff's Laws, which include Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) stating that the sum of currents entering a node is zero, and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) stating that the sum of voltages around a closed loop is zero. It also discusses the application of these laws in circuit analysis and provides examples of solving complex circuits using KCL and KVL. Key concepts such as nodes, branches, and loops are defined to aid in understanding circuit analysis.

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24 views19 pages

EEE 101 Presentation

The document explains Kirchhoff's Laws, which include Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) stating that the sum of currents entering a node is zero, and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) stating that the sum of voltages around a closed loop is zero. It also discusses the application of these laws in circuit analysis and provides examples of solving complex circuits using KCL and KVL. Key concepts such as nodes, branches, and loops are defined to aid in understanding circuit analysis.

Uploaded by

imran890
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Kirchhoff’s

laws
Contents
1 Terminology ( Nodes, Branches, and Loops)
2 Kirchhoff’s Laws
3 Application of KCL and KVL in circuit analysis
4 Solving complex circuits using Kirchhoff’s Laws
Nodes
A node is the point of connection between two or more branches.

a b

c
Branch
A branch represents a single element such as a voltage source or a resistor.

a b

c
Loop
A loop is any closed path in a circuit.

a b

c
Kirchhoff’s Laws

Kirchhoff’s Kirchhoff’s
current law Voltage law
Kirchhoff’s Current Law
Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of currents entering a node (or a closed boundary) is zero.

Mathematically, KCL implies that

∑ 𝒊 𝒏=𝟎
𝒏=𝟏
Kirchhoff’s Current Law
he sum of the currents entering a node is equal to the sum of the cur rents leaving the node.
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL) states that the algebraic sum of all volt ages around a closed
path (or loop) is zero.

Expressed mathematically, KVL states that

∑ 𝒗 𝒏=𝟎
𝒎=𝟏
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
Sum of voltage drops Sum of voltage rises
a
+¿
𝒗𝟏 a
+¿
ab 𝒗𝟐 ab 𝒗 𝒔 ¿ 𝑣 1 +𝑣 2 + 𝑣 3

-
b
𝒗𝟑
b -
Application of KCL and KVL in circuit analysis

Example-1: Determine and in the circuit shown in Fig (a) .

Fig -a
Application of KCL and KVL in circuit analysis
Solution:

We apply KVL around the loop as shown in Fig. The result is ,

Applying Ohm’s law to the 6- resistor gives,


Application of KCL and KVL in circuit analysis

Substituting Eq. (1) into Eq. (2) yields

and

⸫ = 48 V
Solving complex circuits using Kirchhoff’s Laws

Example: Find currents and voltages in the circuit shown in Fig.


Solving complex circuits using Kirchhoff’s Laws

Solution:

We apply Ohm’s law and Kirchhoff’s laws. By Ohm’s law,

(1)

At node a, KCL gives


𝑖1 −𝑖2 −𝑖3 =0 … … …..( 2)

Applying KVL to loop 1 as in Fig.

− 30 +𝑣 1 +𝑣 2= 0
Solving complex circuits using Kirchhoff’s Laws

Solution:

We express this in terms of and as in Eq. (1) to obtain,

− 30 +8 𝑖1 +3 𝑖 2=0
(30 − 3 𝑖2 )
⇒ 𝑖 1= …………(3)
8
Applying KVL to loop 2,
− 𝑣 2+ 𝑣 3= 0
Solving complex circuits using Kirchhoff’s Laws

Solution:

We express and in terms of and as in Eq. (1). Equation (4)


becomes,

Substituting Eqn. (3) and (5) into (2) gives

30 − 3 𝑖2 𝑖2
− 𝑖2 − =0
8 2
Solving complex circuits using Kirchhoff’s Laws

Solution: 3A 1A

or A. From the value of , we now use Eqn. (1) to


(5) to obtain, 2A
24V

6V
6V
Thank You

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