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Introduction-to-Exploratory-Data-Analysis-EDA

Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is a vital process in the data science lifecycle that involves examining data to uncover patterns, validate assumptions, and improve data quality. The EDA process includes steps such as data gathering, cleaning, transformation, exploration, and interpretation, which help inform modeling decisions. Additionally, EDA utilizes various techniques for handling missing values, outliers, and visualizing data relationships to derive insights for further analysis.

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Kunjumol John
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7 views

Introduction-to-Exploratory-Data-Analysis-EDA

Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is a vital process in the data science lifecycle that involves examining data to uncover patterns, validate assumptions, and improve data quality. The EDA process includes steps such as data gathering, cleaning, transformation, exploration, and interpretation, which help inform modeling decisions. Additionally, EDA utilizes various techniques for handling missing values, outliers, and visualizing data relationships to derive insights for further analysis.

Uploaded by

Kunjumol John
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Exploratory Data
Analysis (EDA)
Exploratory data analysis (EDA) is a crucial stage in the data
science lifecycle. It involves examining and understanding the data
to gain insights and prepare it for further analysis.

DJ
by Dency John
Importance of EDA in the
Data Science Lifecycle
1 Uncover Hidden 2 Validate Assumptions
Patterns
It allows you to check if your
EDA helps identify trends, initial assumptions about
outliers, and relationships the data are accurate or
within the data that might need to be revised.
not be obvious at first
glance.

3 Improve Data Quality 4 Inform Modelling


Decisions
EDA enables you to detect
and handle issues like The insights gained from
missing values, EDA can guide your choice
inconsistencies, and errors of appropriate data mining
in the data. techniques and models.
Steps in the EDA Process

1 Data Gathering
Begin by acquiring the data from various sources, ensuring it's relevant to your analytical goals.

2 Data Cleaning
Address any inconsistencies, missing values, or outliers in the data to ensure its quality and accuracy.

3 Data Transformation
Transform the data to make it suitable for analysis, such as scaling or encoding categorical variables.

4 Data Exploration
Explore the data by using descriptive statistics, visualizations, and summary tables to uncover patterns and relationships.

5 Data Interpretation
Interpret the insights gained from the exploration to draw conclusions and form hypotheses for further analysis.
Importing Data from Various Sources
Databases Files APIs

Connect to databases like MySQL, Import data from various file Access data from external APIs to
PostgreSQL, or SQLite to retrieve formats such as CSV, Excel, JSON, retrieve data from websites, social
data directly. or XML. media platforms, or weather
services.
Creating Data Frames from Diverse Formats
CSV Excel
Read data from comma-separated values (CSV) files into Import data from Excel spreadsheets into a data frame.
a data frame.

JSON HTML
Load data from JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) files Extract data from HTML tables into a data frame using
into a data frame. web scraping techniques.
Exploring Data Structure
and Dimensions
Data Type Description

Shape Number of rows and columns in


the data frame.

Dimensions Number of rows and columns of


the data frame.

Size Total number of elements in the


data frame.

Index A unique identifier for each row


in the data frame.

Columns Names of the variables or


features in the data frame.
Indexing and Selecting Data
Label-Based Indexing
Select data using row and column labels or names.

Position-Based Indexing
Access data using numerical indices for rows and
columns.

Boolean Indexing
Select rows or columns based on conditions that
evaluate to True or False.
Handling Missing Values and Outliers
Missing Values Outliers

Identify and handle missing values by imputing them Detect and address outliers by replacing them with
with statistical measures or dropping rows/columns. appropriate values, removing them, or applying
transformations.
Visualising Data Patterns and Relationships

Scatter Plots Histograms Box Plots Heatmaps


Explore relationships Visualize the distribution Compare the distribution Explore correlations
between two continuous of a single continuous of a variable across between multiple
variables. variable. different categories. variables.
Deriving Insights and
Informing the Next Steps

Identify Key Trends Formulate Hypotheses


Uncover patterns, trends, and Develop hypotheses based on the
relationships within the data that observed patterns to guide further
are significant for analysis. analysis and modeling.

Select Appropriate Models Optimize Data Preparation


Choose data mining techniques Make informed decisions about
and models that are appropriate data cleaning, transformation, and
for the data and the analytical feature engineering based on EDA
goals. findings.

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