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OOP CS3391 UNIT-1 (Lecture Note-7)

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995, known for its platform independence and security. Key components of Java include the Java Development Kit (JDK), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), and Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which facilitate the development and execution of Java applications. Java programs can be categorized into application programs, which run on local computers, and applet programs, which are designed for Internet applications.

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2 views4 pages

OOP CS3391 UNIT-1 (Lecture Note-7)

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995, known for its platform independence and security. Key components of Java include the Java Development Kit (JDK), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), and Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which facilitate the development and execution of Java applications. Java programs can be categorized into application programs, which run on local computers, and applet programs, which are designed for Internet applications.

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RajeeshKumar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

4 Overview of Java
 Java programming language was originally developed by Sun Microsystems which
was initiated by James Gosling and released in 1995 as core component of Sun
Microsystems.
 Java is a high-level object-oriented programming language, which provides
developers with the means to create powerful applications, which are very small in
size, platform independent, secure and robust.
 Java runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various
versions of UNIX.
 Java is mainly used for Internet Programming.
 Java is related to the languages C and C++. From C, Java inherits its syntax and
from C++, Java inherits its OOP concepts.
 Ancestors of Java: - C, C++, B, BCPL.
1.4.1: BASIC JAVA TERMINALOGIES:

1. BYTECODE:
 Byte code is an intermediate code generated from the source code by java
compiler and it is platform independent.
2. JAVA DEVELOPMENT KIT (JDK):
 The Java Development Kit (JDK) is a software development environment used for
developing Java applications and applets.
 It includes the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), an interpreter/loader (java), a
compiler (javac), an archiver (jar), a documentation generator (javadoc) and other
tools needed in Java development.
3. JAVA RUNTIME ENVIRONMENT (JRE):
 JRE is used to provide runtime environment for JVM. It contains set of libraries +
other files that JVM uses at runtime.
4. JAVA VIRTUAL MACHINE (JVM):
 JVM is an interpreter that converts a program in Java bytecode (intermediate
language) into native machine code and executes it.
 JVM needs to be implemented for each platform because it will differ from platform to
platform.
 The JVM performs following main tasks:
 Loads code
 Verifies code
 Executes code
 Provides runtime environment
5. JIT (JUST IN TIME) COMPILER:
It is used to improve the performance. JIT compiles parts of the byte code that have
similar functionality at the same time, and hence reduces the amount of time needed for
compilation.

Types of Java program:


In Java, there are two types of programs namely,
1. Application Program
2. Applet Program
1. Application Programs:
Application programs are stand-alone programs that are written to carry out certain tasks
on local computer such as solving equations, reading and writing files etc.
The application programs can be executed using two steps:
i. Compile source code to generate Byte code using javac compiler.
ii. Execute the byte code program using Java interpreter.
2. Applet programs: Applets are small Java programs developed for Internet applications.
An applet located in distant computer can be downloaded via Internet and executed on a
local computer using Java capable browser. The Java applets can also be executed in
the command line using applet viewer, which is part of the JDK.

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