Scribd
Upload
8 views

Random Variables

The document explains random variables, distinguishing between discrete and continuous types, and illustrates how to find possible values and understand probability distributions. It includes examples and activities to identify whether variables are discrete or continuous, along with the rules for probability distributions. Key concepts such as probability functions and the importance of probabilities summing to one are also discussed.

Uploaded by

jaysuuu66
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Random Variables

The document explains random variables, distinguishing between discrete and continuous types, and illustrates how to find possible values and understand probability distributions. It includes examples and activities to identify whether variables are discrete or continuous, along with the rules for probability distributions. Key concepts such as probability functions and the importance of probabilities summing to one are also discussed.

Uploaded by

jaysuuu66
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

RANDOM VARIABLES

AND
PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTIONS
OBJECTIVES:
Illustrate a random variable and
distinguish between discrete and
continuous;
Find possible values of a random
variable; and
Demonstrate understanding of key
concepts of random variables and
probability distributions.
VARIABLES
Variable Random Variable
 Written in small letter  Written in capital letter

 Give value to equations  A random variable could be


like the number of dots facing
up after rolling a die

 can only take on a  A random variable has a


distinct value whole set of values. can
take any of those values,
randomly. And they might
each have a different
probability.
2 TYPES OF RANDOM VARIABLE
1. Discrete
random variable – assumes finite or
countably infinite values and are usually obtained
through the process of counting
2. Continuousrandom variable – assumes values
which are associated with points on an interval of
the number line and are usually obtained through
the process of measurement with corresponding
units
EXAMPLE: DISCRETE or CONTINUOUS?
1. Number of honor students in a class
2. Growth of tomato seedlings per week
3. Time needed to finish an exam
4. Total number of animals in a farm
5.Number of cards drawn
6.Body temperature of a person
7. Length of a piece of chalk
8. pH level of an acid
9. Number of pages in a chapter of a book
10.Power consumption of an appliance
ACTIVITY: DISCRETE or CONTINUOUS?
1. Length of a cellphone charger
2. Amount of water consumed in a day
3. Weight of pigs after three months
4. Amount of time needed to boil a liquid
5. Daily count of visitors in a mall
6. Growth of a child per year
7. Number of babies born per day
8. Yearly death due to cancer
9. Number of mistakes in a test
10.Cloth needed to make a dress
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS OF
DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLES
- maybe defined as a distribution showing
the different values of a random variable
with their corresponding probabilities
PROBABILITY FUNCTION
- The correspondence which assigns
probabilities to the values of the
random variable
REMEMBER!

The sum of all probabilities in a


discrete probability distribution should
always be equal to 1, no more no less.
Otherwise, the distribution becomes
invalid or incorrect.
2 conditions:

1.Eachprobability must be
between or equal to 0 and 1 (

2.The sum of all the probabilities


is 1
 *Some random variable with their possible values

Rando
m Set of Possible
Description
Variabl Values
e
V Marital status of teachers Single, married,
widow…
W Number of dots after rolling a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
die
X Tossing a coin Heads, Tails
Y Tossing two coins HH, HT, TT, TH
Z Household pet being raised Dog, cat, rabbit,…
EXAMPLE
Suppose that four coins are tossed. Let
Y be the random variable representing
the number of heads that occur.
Complete the table below to find the
possible values of Y.
Value of Random Variable Y
Possible Outcomes
(number of heads)
1.Whatare the possible values of the
random variable Y?

2.Construct the probability distribution


or probability mass function.

3.Graph the distribution using


histogram.
EXERCISE
Construct the probability mass function of a particular
experiment by following the instructions given to you. Graph
using histogram.
 A dog give birth to a litter of six puppies. Three of the are
male while the rest of them are females. If you are to be given
three of these puppies at random, list all the elements of the
sample space using the letters M and F for male and female
puppies, respectively. Then assign a value x of the random
variable X representing the male puppies you receive.
THE END!

You might also like