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Sheet 5

The document explains the differences between connectionless and connection-oriented services, highlighting that connectionless services treat each data chunk independently while connection-oriented services require a connection to be established before data exchange. It also describes various transport layer protocols, including Simple Protocol, Stop-and-Wait, Go-Back-N, and Selective-Repeat, each with different mechanisms for handling data transmission. Additionally, it contrasts TCP as a connection-oriented protocol with reliability features against UDP as a connectionless protocol lacking reliability guarantees.

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زياد عبدالله عبدالحميد
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13 views15 pages

Sheet 5

The document explains the differences between connectionless and connection-oriented services, highlighting that connectionless services treat each data chunk independently while connection-oriented services require a connection to be established before data exchange. It also describes various transport layer protocols, including Simple Protocol, Stop-and-Wait, Go-Back-N, and Selective-Repeat, each with different mechanisms for handling data transmission. Additionally, it contrasts TCP as a connection-oriented protocol with reliability features against UDP as a connectionless protocol lacking reliability guarantees.

Uploaded by

زياد عبدالله عبدالحميد
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Network

Sheet 5
Theoretical
1. What are differences between connectionless and connection
oriented?

In a connectionless service, the source process (application


program) needs to divide its message into chunks of data of the size
acceptable by the transport layer and deliver them to the transport
layer one by one. The transport layer treats each chunk as a single unit
without any relation between the chunks. When a chunk arrives from
the application layer, the transport layer encapsulates it in a packet and
sends it.
2
Theoretical
Connectionless

service

3
Theoretical
1. What are differences between connectionless and connection
oriented?

In a connection-oriented service, the client and the server first need


to establish a connection between themselves The data exchange can
only happen after the connection establishment.

We can implement flow control, error control, and congestion control in


a connection oriented protocol.

4
Theoretical
Connection-oriented
service

5
Theoretical
2. What are the transport layer protocols

6
Theoretical
2. What are the transport layer protocols

1- Simple Protocol: a simple connectionless protocol with neither flow


nor error control. We assume that the receiver can immediately handle
any packet it receives.

7
Theoretical
2. What are the transport layer protocols

2- Stop-and-Wait Protocol: is a connection-oriented protocol called


the Stop-and-Wait protocol, which uses both flow and error control. The
sender sends one packet at a time and waits for an acknowledgment
before sending the next one.

8
Theoretical
2. What are the transport layer protocols?

3- Go-Back-N Protocol: we can send several packets before receiving


acknowledgments, but the receiver can only buffer one packet. We keep
a copy of the sent packets until the acknowledgments arrive. When the
timer expires, the sender resends all outstanding packets. That is why
the protocol is called Go-Back-N. On a time-out, the machine goes back
N locations and resends all packets.

9
Theoretical
2. What are the transport layer protocols?

4- Selective-Repeat Protocol: Selective-Repeat (SR) protocol, has


been devised that, as the name implies, resends only selective packets,
those are actually lost.

10
Theoretical
3. What is the TCP header?

11
Theoretical

12
Theoretical
4. What is difference between TCP and UDP protocols? Which of them is
connectionless or connection oriented?

13
Theoretical
4. What is difference between TCP and UDP protocols? Which of them is
connectionless or connection oriented?

1- TCP (Connection-Oriented)
Connection-Oriented: TCP establishes a reliable connection before
transmitting data. A three-way handshake process ensures the
connection is set up.
Reliability: Ensures that data packets are delivered in the correct
order and without errors. If a packet is lost, TCP will retransmit it.

14
Theoretical
4. What is difference between TCP and UDP protocols? Which of them is
connectionless or connection oriented?

2- UDP (Connectionless)
Connectionless: UDP does not establish a connection before sending
data. Packets (datagrams) are sent directly to the recipient without
checking if the destination is ready to receive.
No Reliability: No acknowledgment or retransmission for lost packets.
There’s no guarantee of order or delivery.

15

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