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SQL and Its Commands

The presentation covers SQL (Structured Query Language), which serves as an interface to relational database systems and was developed by IBM in the 1970s. It outlines the four main components of SQL: DDL (Data Definition Language), DML (Data Manipulation Language), DCL (Data Control Language), and DQL (Data Query Language), along with their respective commands. Key commands include Create, Alter, Insert, Update, Commit, and Select, each serving specific functions in managing database structures and data.

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Prateek Sharma
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7 views14 pages

SQL and Its Commands

The presentation covers SQL (Structured Query Language), which serves as an interface to relational database systems and was developed by IBM in the 1970s. It outlines the four main components of SQL: DDL (Data Definition Language), DML (Data Manipulation Language), DCL (Data Control Language), and DQL (Data Query Language), along with their respective commands. Key commands include Create, Alter, Insert, Update, Commit, and Select, each serving specific functions in managing database structures and data.

Uploaded by

Prateek Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRESENTATION

ON
DB LANGUAGES
Sql and its commands

Presented by:

Prateek
Sharma
04790302012
SQL : Structured Query
Language

• SQL is a language that


provides an interface to
relational data base system.
• It was developed by IBM in
the 1970’s.
Features of SQL

 It is an English like language.


 It is Non-Procedural language.
 It is used by various users
including those who have little
programming experience.
Components of SQL

1. DDL(Data Definition
Language)
2. DML(Data Manipulation
Language)
3. DCL(Data Control Language)
4. DQL(Data Query Language)
DDL

 It consists of a set of command


that are used to create, modify
and delete the data base
structure but not data.
 These commands are used by a
Data Base Designer or an
application Developer.
Commands under DDL:

• Create: It is used to create the


objects in the data base.
• Alter: It is used to modify the
structure of the data.
• Drop: It is used to delete the
object from data base.
• Truncate: It is used to remove
all the records from a table
including space that is allocated
for the records.
DML

It consists of those commands that


allows changing the data within the
data base.
Commands under DML

• Insert: It is used to insert the


data in a table.
• Update: It is used to update
the existing data within a
table.
• Delete: It is used to delete
the records from the table but
the space for the record which
is allocated remains as it is.
DCL

It is the component of SQL statement


that controls the access to the data and
to the data base.
Commands under DCL
• Commit: It is used to save the
work.
• Rollback: It is used to restore
the database to the original state
since the last commit.
• Grant(Revoke): It is used to
identify grant or take back the
permission to or from the user.
• Save Point: It is used to identify
or point in a transaction to which
DQL

It is the component of SQL statement


that allow getting the data from
database.
Command under DQL

• Select: It is used to get the data from


the data base.

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