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Unit 1 Introduction

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2 views

Unit 1 Introduction

Uploaded by

Uthaya Kumar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION

COMPUTER SYSTEM – ELEMENTS AND ORGANIZATION


– OPERATING SYSTEM OVERVIEW – OBJECTIVES AND
FUNCTIONS – EVOLUTION OF OPERATING SYSTEM –
OPERATING SYSTEM STRUCTUERS – OPERATING
SYSTEM SERVICES – USER OPERATING SYSTEM
INTERFACE – SYSTEM CALLS – SYSTEM PROGRAMS –
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION – STRUCTURING
METHODS.
OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER SYSTEM
BASIC ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
1.PROCESSOR:-
 It Controls the operation of the computer and performs its

data processing functions, when there is only one processor


called as Central Processing Unit(CPU)
2.MAIN MEMORY or PRIMARY MEMORY:-
 Primary memory is a segment of computer memory that

can be accessed directly by the processor.


 In a hierarchy of memory, primary memory has access time

less than secondary memory and greater than cache


memory.
 Read Only Memory (ROM),Random Access Memory (RAM)

3.Secondary Memory
 Secondary memory is a type of computer memory that is

used to store data and programs that can be accessed or


retrieved even after the computer is turned off.
 Internal flash memory (rare), SSD (solid-state disk), Hard
3.I/O MODULES
 It Moves Data between the computer and its
external environment. The external environment
consists of variety of devices, including Primary
memory devices(ex:- Hard disks)

4.SYSTEM BUS
 It Provides a communication between different
processors, peripheral's and I/O modules
Block Diagram of a Computer System
BLOCK DIAGRAM COMPONENTS
 INPUT DEVICE
KEYBOARD,MOUSE

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT(CPU)


It Controls the operation of the computer and
performs its data processing functions, when there is
only one processor called as Central Processing Unit

 CONTROL UNIT
It is the most important component of a
computer system. A control unit is a part of the CPU.
A control unit controls the operations of all parts of
the computer but it does not carry out any data
processing operations.
 ARTHIMETHIC & LOGICAL UNIT
ALU is a digital circuit that provides arithmetic
and logic operations. It is the fundamental building
block of the central processing unit of a computer.
A modern central processing unit(CPU) has a
very powerful ALU and it is complex in design. In
addition to ALU modern CPU contains a control unit
and a set of registers.
OUTPUT DEVICE
MONITOR,PRINTER

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