Scribd
Upload
13 views42 pages

Module 1 Lesson 2

Uploaded by

RJ BATANGAS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views42 pages

Module 1 Lesson 2

Uploaded by

RJ BATANGAS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 42

What do you

think will happen


if the earth is at
the center of the
solar system?
Do you believe in horoscopes? Why?
Can you compare
yourself to an
ape? Yes or No?
Why?
Scientific
Revolution

Science is as old as the


world itself. There is no
individual that can exactly
identify when and where
science began. From the
genesis of time, science has
existed.
How can science be defined?
1. Science as an idea. It includes ideas, theories and all available
systematic explanations and observations about the natural and physical
world.
2. Science as an intellectual activity. It encompasses a systematic and
practical study of the natural and physical world. This process of study
involves systematic observation and experimentation.
3. Science as a body of knowledge. It is a subject or a discipline. A field
of study, or a body of knowledge that deals with the process of learning
about the natural and physical world. This is what we refer to as school
science.
4. Science as a personal and social activity. This explains that science
is both knowledge and activities done by human beings to develop better
understanding of the world around them. It means to improve live and
survive in life. It is interwoven with people’s lives.
Human have persistently observed
and studied the natural and
physical world in order to find
meanings and seek answer to
many questions.
Science and
technology during
each time period were
due to human needs
and wants.
Brilliant minds
responded to the
call of the times
and created things
that could make
life easier for
people.
Intellectual Revolution a.k.a. Scientific Revolution of
theories/models=paradigm

Intellect means (mind and knowledge or (reasoning and


understanding).

Intellectualism started when human knowledge begun to be


disseminated (papyrus, writing on the walls, printing press) –
published materials, books, journals and the media information
age.
Darwinian Revolution
Charles Darwin was a British
naturalist who developed a theory
of evolution based on natural
selection.
This revolution provided a
different “theory of Creation”

Charles Darwin published his book “The Origin of Species” that


emphasizes that humans are the result of an evolution.
Freudian Revolution
Sigmund Freud (1856 to 1939) was the
founding father of psychoanalysis, a
method for treating mental illness and
also a theory which explains human
behavior.
This includes “Freudian Theory of
Personality” that involves the human
development contributes to his/her
personality and also his “psychoanalysis”
that is the process for achieving proper
functioning if a human does not complete
his/her developmental stage.
Freudian Revolution
 Psychoanalysis is the study
that explains human behavior.
Freud explained that there are
many conscious and
unconscious factors that
influence behavior and emotion.
 HE argued that personality is a
product of three conflicting
elements: id, ego and
superego.
 Id – Instinct, Ego – Reality,
Superego – morality
CRADLE OF EARLY SCIENCE
Development of Science in Mesoamerica

Mesoamerica includes
the entire area of
Central America from
southern Mexico up to
the border of South
America
Mayan Civilization
Mayan Civilization is one of
the famous civilizations that
lasted for approximately 2,000
years. These people are
known for their works in
astronomy. They incorporated
their advanced understanding
for astronomy into their
temples and other religious
The pyramid at Chichen Itza in structures.
Mexico is situated at the location of
the Sun during the spring and fail
equinoxes.
Mayan knowledge and
understanding about
celestial bodies was
advanced for their time,
as evidenced by their
knowledge of predicting
eclipse and using
astrological cycles in
planting and harvesting.
The Mayans are also known
for measuring time using
two complicated calendar
systems. These calendars
were very useful for their
religious rituals and cultural
celebrations.
The Inca Civilizations is
also famous in
Mesoamerica. The
Inca made advanced
scientific ideas
considering their
limitations as old
civilizations.
1. Roads paved with stones;
2.Stone buildings that surmounted
earthquakes and other disasters;
3. Irrigation system and technique for
storing water for their crops to grow in
all types of land;
4. Calendar with 12 months to mark
their religious festivals and prepare them
for planting season;
5. The first suspension bridge;
6. quipu, a system of knotted ropes to
keep records that only experts can
interpret; and
7.Inca textiles, since cloth was one of the
specially prized artistic achievements.
DEVELOPMENTS IN ASIA
Asia is the biggest continent in the
world and the home of many ancient
civilizations. It is a host to many cultural,
economic, scientific, and political
activities of all ages. In the field of
science, technology and mathematics,
great civilizations have stood out: India,
China, and the Middle East civilizations
to the development of knowledge during
their time.
India
India is huge peninsula
surrounded by vast bodies of
water and fortified by huge
mountains in its northern
borders. The Indians creatively
developed various ideas and
technologies useful in their
everyday lives.
They are known for
manufacturing iron and
metallurgical works. Their
iron steel is considered to
be the best and held with
high regard in the whole
of Roman Empire.
India is also famous in
medicine. For example,
Ayurveda, a system of
traditional medicine that
originated in ancient India
before 2500 BC, is still
practiced as a form of
alternative medicine
Ancient India is also notable
in the field of astronomy.
They developed theories on
the configuration of the
universe, the spherical self-
supporting Earth, and the
year of 360 days with equal
parts of 30 days each.
The interest in astronomy was also
evident in the 1st 12 chapter of the
Siddhana Shiromani written in the
12th century. This ancient text
covered topics such as; mean
longitudes of planets, lunar
eclipses, latitudes of the planets,
rising and settings, the moon’s
crescent, conjunctions of the
planets with each other with the
fixed stars, and the paths of the sun
and moon.
Ancient India was known for their mathematics. The
earlier traces of the mathematical knowledge on the
Indian subcontinent appeared in the Indus valley
civilizations.
The people of this civilization
tried to standardize the
measurement of length to high
degree of accuracy and
designed a ruler, the
Mohenjodaro ruler.
Aryabhatiya is an Indian
astronomer and mathematician
introduces a number of
trigonometric functions, tables and
techniques as well as algorithms in
algebra
Brahmagupa also suggested
that gravity was a force of
attraction and lucidly
explained the use of zero as
both placeholder and the
decimal digit, along with the
Hindu-Arabic numeral system
now used universally
throughout the world.

Madhava or Sangamagrama is also considered


as the founder of the mathematical analysis.
China is one of the ancient
civilizations with substantial
contributions in many areas in
life like medicine, astronomy,
science, mathematics, arts,
philosophy, and music among
others. Chinese civilizations
have greatly influenced many of
its neighbor countries like
Korea, Japan, Philippines,
Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia,
Myanmar and other countries
that belong to the old Silk Road.
The Middle East countries are
dominantly occupied by
Muslim. With the spread of
Islam in the 7th and 8th
centuries, a period of Muslim
scholarship, or what is called
the Golden Age of Islam
lasted until 13th century

You might also like