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Pythagoras GRADE 10

The document provides an overview of Pythagoras, his life, and his significant contributions to mathematics, particularly the Pythagorean Theorem, which states that in a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the two legs equals the square of the hypotenuse. It also discusses the Pythagorean Order he established, which emphasized strict rules for its members and the belief in the mathematical nature of reality. Additionally, the document includes examples and exercises related to applying the Pythagorean Theorem.

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Noha Nabil
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7 views21 pages

Pythagoras GRADE 10

The document provides an overview of Pythagoras, his life, and his significant contributions to mathematics, particularly the Pythagorean Theorem, which states that in a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the two legs equals the square of the hypotenuse. It also discusses the Pythagorean Order he established, which emphasized strict rules for its members and the belief in the mathematical nature of reality. Additionally, the document includes examples and exercises related to applying the Pythagorean Theorem.

Uploaded by

Noha Nabil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PYTHAGORAS

and the Pythagorean Theorem


a² + b² = c²
Lesson Objectives

• Who was Pythagoras?


• What was important about
his life?
• Why was he famous?
• What is the Pythagorean
Theorem?
• How is his Theorem applied?
Pythagoras’s Roots and Routes

Homonyms • Pythagoras lived from


are cool! about 560 to 500 B.C.
• He was born on the
Aegean island of Samos,
but traveled to Egypt,
Babylon, India, and Syria
to further his studies.
• Eventually, he settled in
the Greek colony of
Croton in Southern Italy.
(see map for details)
Important Contributions

• Pythagoras found mathematical relationships as the essence of


all things.
• He believed that the earth was spherical and that the sun, moon,
and planets have movements of their own. This contributed to
the discovery that the earth revolved around the sun.
• He’s credited with developing the Pythagorean Theorem which
is a formula that is used to determine the lengths of the sides of
right triangles.
• His discoveries laid the foundation for all subsequent
developments in Geometry.
The Pythagorean Order

• In Croton, Pythagoras set up a school which


was based on a religious order, or
brotherhood, that was made up of his
followers.
• It was known as the Pythagorean Order, and
they were expected to not eat meat or drink
alcohol. They also had to wear simple
clothing and go barefoot.
The Pythagorean Order

• Students at the Pythagorean School had to


live by strict rules since they all strove to
create pure minds and bodies.
• They all thought that the mind could be
purified through studying Geometry,
mathematics, music, and astronomy.
The Pythagorean Order
• Women were allowed to join the Order, but they
were kept separated from the rest of the Order.
Principles of Pythagoras
• At its deepest level, reality is
mathematical in nature.
• Philosophy can be used for spiritual
purification.
• The soul can rise to union with the
divine.
• Certain symbols have a mystical
significance.
• All brothers and sisters of the Order
should observe strict loyalty and
secrecy.
Pythagorean Theorem
What does the formula mean?
• a² + b² = c² means that in a right the
sum of the squares of the lengths of two
legs equals the square of the length of the
hypotenuse.
c
For a more in-depth look at how this a
formula was derived, check out this site:
http://forum.swarthmore.edu/~sarah/
hamilton/ham.rttriangles.html

b
There are Many Types of Triangles:
Can you name them?
Click on the names for the answers.
• Scalene
• Isosceles
• Equilateral
• Acute
• Obtuse
• Equiangular
Triangle
• Right Triangle
What is a Right Triangle?
• The Pythagorean Theorem applies only
to right triangles.
• A right triangle is a triangle that has a
90 degree right angle. It has two legs
a and a hypotenuse.
c • The hypotenuse is the side opposite the
right angle and is always the longest.
b
• The variables a + b are used for the
legs and c is the variable for the
hypotenuse.
Let’s See How it Works!
Find the Hypotenuse
Question: If a = 3 and b = 4, then what does c equal?

a² + b² = c²
(3)2 + (4)2 = c²
(3x3) + (4x4) = c²
9 + 16 = c² a
25 = c2
25 = c²
5 = c b
How to Find a Leg
If a = 5 and c = 13, then what does b equal?

• a² + b² = c²
52 + b² = 13²
(5x5) + b² = (13x13) c
a
25 + b² = 169
25 + b² - 25 = 169 - 25
b² = 144 b
b² = 144
b = 12
Now You Can Try!

1 . Find the missing hypotenuse: c


a=6 c
6
b=8
2. Find the missing leg: a 8
c = 26 26
a
b = 24
24
Answers!

a² + b² = c²
(6)2 + (8)2 = c²
(6x6) + (8x8) = c²
36 + 64 = c²
100 = c²
 100 = c²
10 = c
Answers!
a² + b² = c²
a² + (24)2 = (26)2
a² + (24x24) = (26x26)
a² + 576 = 676
a² + 576 - 576 = 676 - 576
a² = 100
 a² =  100
a = 10
More Practice
Plenary
• A plane flies due north for 180km, then due
west for 260km. How far is the plane from
it’s starting position?

Draw and label a triangle to represent the situation


Write out the formula you’d use to answer the
question
Find the distance
Pythagoras’ Theorem
• A ladder is leaning against a wall. It reaches
9m up the wall, and is 12m long. How far
from the wall is the ladder standing?

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