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DS 03 Using Templates in C++

Using Templates in C++ ppt

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15 views8 pages

DS 03 Using Templates in C++

Using Templates in C++ ppt

Uploaded by

kinshahra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Structure

Video Lecture

Lecture No. 3
Using Templates in C++
Engr. Rashid Farid Chishti
http://youtube.com/rfchishti
http://sites.google.com/site/chis
hti International Islamic University H-10, Islamabad, Pakistan
C++ Class Templates
 Templates are powerful features of C++ which allows us to write generic
programs. There are two ways we can implement templates:
 Function Templates
 Class Templates

 Similar to function templates, we can use class templates to create a single


class to work with different data types.

 Class templates come in handy as they can make our code shorter and more
manageable.
Example 1: Function Overloading
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

int add(int a, int b){


return a + b;
}
double add(double a, double b){
return a + b;
}

int main(){
int iA = 3, iB = 4;
double dA = 3.4, dB = 4.3;
cout << iA << " + "<< iB << " = " << add(iA, iB) << endl;
cout << dA << " + " << dB << " = " << add(dA, dB) << endl;
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}
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Example 2: Function Template
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

template <typename T>


T add(T a, T b){
return a + b;
}

int main(){
int iA = 3, iB = 4;
double dA = 3.4, dB = 4.3;
cout << iA <<" + "<< iB << " = "<< add(iA, iB) << endl;
cout << dA <<" + " << dB << " = " << add(dA, dB) << endl;
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}

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Example 3: Class Template (1/2)
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

template <typename T> class Calculator {


private:
T num1, num2;
public:
Calculator(T n1, T n2) {
num1 = n1; num2 = n2;
}
void Result(){
cout << "Numbers are: " << num1 << " and " << num2 << "." << endl;
cout << num1 << " + "<< num2 <<" = "<< add() << endl;
cout << num1 << " / "<< num2 <<" = "<< divide() << endl;
}

T add();
T divide();
};
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Example 3: Class Template (2/2)
template <typename T> T Calculator<T> :: add() {
return num1 + num2;
}

template <typename T> T Calculator<T> :: divide() {


return num1 / num2;
}

int main() {
Calculator <int> iCalc(5, 2);
Calculator <double> dCalc(2.6, 1.2);
cout << "Int Result:" << endl;
iCalc.Result();

cout << endl << "Double Result:" << endl;


dCalc.Result();

system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}
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Example 4: Using Two Templates in a Class (1/2)
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

template<class T1, class T2> class Test_Class {


T1 a;
T2 b;
public:
Test_Class (T1 a1, T2 b2){
a = a1; b = b2;
}
void Test(T1 x, T2 y);
void Show( );
};

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Example 4: Using Two Templates in a Class (2/2)
template<class T1, class T2> void Test_Class <T1,T2> :: Test(T1 x, T2 y) {
a = x;
b = y;
}
template<class T1, class T2> void Test_Class <T1,T2> :: Show() {
cout << a << " and " << b << endl;
}

int main() {
Test_Class <double,int> test1 (1.23, 123);
Test_Class <int,char> test2 ( 200, 'Z');
test1.Show();
test2.Show();
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}

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