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Elements Mixtures Compounds Presentation

Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and has mass, existing in solid, liquid, and gas states. Elements are pure substances made of one type of atom, while mixtures consist of two or more substances that retain their individual properties, and compounds are formed from chemically bonded elements. Understanding the properties and differences between elements, mixtures, and compounds is essential in chemistry.

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8 views26 pages

Elements Mixtures Compounds Presentation

Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and has mass, existing in solid, liquid, and gas states. Elements are pure substances made of one type of atom, while mixtures consist of two or more substances that retain their individual properties, and compounds are formed from chemically bonded elements. Understanding the properties and differences between elements, mixtures, and compounds is essential in chemistry.

Uploaded by

oceanianoz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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gas states.

What is Matter

Elements, Mixtures, Compounds


Understanding Matter

Checkpoint – 8
CHEMISTRY
Presented by
Jimmy
What is an Element?

Matter is anything that occupies space


and has mass. It exists in solid, liquid, and
gas states.
Solid: In solids, particles are closely packed together and vibrate in
place, giving solids a fixed shape and volume.

Liquid: In liquids, particles are still close together but can move
past each other, allowing liquids to flow and take the
shape of their container while maintaining a constant volume.

Gas: In gases, particles are spread far apart and move freely, so
gases can expand to fill any container, and their volume can
change.
What is an Element?

An element is a substance made up of only one


type of atom, characterized by its number of
protons in the nucleus, which is called the atomic
number.

These elements combine in various ways to form


compounds, which make up all the substances we
encounter in everyday life.
Properties of Elements

• Elements have distinct physical (e.g., density)


and chemical (e.g., reactivity) properties.

• Physical properties, Chemical properties


Properties of Elements
• Physical properties:
Atomic Number: The number of protons in the nucleus of an
atom, which defines the element.
Atomic Mass: The weighted average mass of an element’s atoms,
based on the isotopes it has.

Density: The mass per unit volume of the element, often varying
in different states (solid, liquid, gas).

Melting and Boiling Points: The temperatures at which a solid turns to a


liquid (melting point) or a liquid turns to gas (boiling point).

State of Matter: Elements can exist in different states at room temperature


(solid, liquid, gas). For example, oxygen is a gas, and iron is
a solid.

Color: Some elements are naturally colored, like copper (which


has a reddish tint) or gold (which is yellow).
Properties of Elements
• Chemical properties:
Reactivity: How easily an element reacts with other substances.
For example, alkali metals are highly reactive with
water, while noble gases are inert.
Acid-Base Behavior: some elements can act as acids
(releasing H+ ions) or bases (accepting H+ ions)
in reactions.
Properties of Elements
• Chemical properties:
Acid-Base Behavior: some elements can act as acids (releasing H+ ions)
or bases (accepting H+ ions) in reactions.

Oxidation States: Elements can exist in different oxidation states


depending on how many electrons they gain or lose in
reactions, which influences their chemical behavior.
What is a Mixture?
• A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which
each substance retains its own chemical identity and properties.
• There are two main types of mixtures:

Heterogeneous Mixtures:

Properties: You can distinguish the different components by


sight or physical separation.

Example: A salad, sand and water, or oil and water.


• Homogeneous Mixtures :

Definition: The components are uniformly mixed at the molecular or


atomic level, and the mixture appears as a single phase.

Properties: The substances in a homogeneous mixture are evenly


distributed, and it often looks like one substance.

Example: Saltwater, air, or metal alloys like brass.


Separation of Mixtures
• Mixtures can be separated by physical
methods like filtration, evaporation, or
distillation.
What is a Compound?

• compound is a substance formed from two or


more different elements that are chemically
bonded together.
Formation of Compounds
• Compounds form through chemical reactions,
creating new substances with different
properties.
Properties of Compounds
• Compounds have fixed proportions and
unique chemical properties unlike their
elements.
Comparison: Elements vs. Compounds
• Elements are single atoms, while compounds
are bonded atoms of different elements.
Comparison: Mixtures vs. Compounds
• Mixtures are physical combinations;
compounds are chemical combinations with
fixed ratios.
Chemical Symbols and Formulas
• Chemical symbols represent elements (e.g., H
for hydrogen). Formulas represent compounds
(e.g., H2O).
Physical Changes in Matter
• Physical changes alter the appearance of a
substance, not its composition (e.g., melting
ice).
Chemical Changes in Matter
• Chemical changes result in new substances
(e.g., rusting iron, burning wood).
Examples of Everyday Elements
• Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon are essential
elements in daily life.
Examples of Everyday Compounds
• Water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and table
salt (NaCl) are common compounds.
Real-Life Mixtures
• Examples: milk, orange juice, and soil are
mixtures found in everyday life.
Importance of Matter in Daily Life
• Matter is the basis of everything: food, shelter,
tools, and more.
Fun Facts about Matter
• The human body is 65% oxygen. Gold is the
most malleable element.
Quiz/Review Questions
• 1. What is a compound?
• 2. Give an example of a mixture.
• 3. What does the periodic table organize?
Conclusion
• Matter exists as elements, mixtures, and
compounds. Understanding them is crucial to
science.

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