UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCES
Master of Zoology
Bioinformatics
DNA DATABASES
Submitted by: Saumya Dhamanda
UID: 21MSZ1045
Submitted to: Dr. Namrata Gupta
OVERVIEW
• I nt ro d u c ti o n
• W h at i s a D N A D ata b a s e ?
• Ty p e s o f D N A D ata b a s e s
 DDBJ Click icon to add picture

 EMBL
 GenBank
• S o m e s e co n d a r y d ata b a s e s
• Conclusion
• Refe re n c e s
INTRODUCTION
Databases are stores of biological
information. Databases are convenient
systems to properly store, search and
retrieve any type of data.
A database helps to easily handle and
share large amount of data and supports
large scale analysis by easy access and data
updating.
A biological database is a large, organized
body of persistent data, usually associated
with computerized software designed to
update, query, and retrieve components of
the data stored within the system.
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WHAT IS A DNA
DATABASE?
DNA database is a comprehensive database of
DNA sequences collected from the scientific
literature and patent applications and directly
submitted from researchers and sequencing
groups.
They provide a high level of integration with
other databases and also has a very low level of
redundancy.
They are repositories for
nucleotide sequence data from all organisms.
They accept nucleotide sequence submissions,
and then exchange new and updated data on a
daily basis to achieve optimal synchronization.
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TYPES OF DNA
DATABASE
The primary databases make up the International
Nucleotide Sequence Database (INSD). They include:

 DNA Data Bank of Japan (Nation Institute of

Genetics
 EMBL (European Bioinformatics Institute)
 GenBank (National Center for Biotechnology
Information)

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• DDBJ is a biological database that collects DNA sequences. It is
located at the National Institute of Genetics (NIG) in the
Shizuoka prefecture of Japan.
• It can accept data from contributors from any other country.
• DDBJ is primarily funded by the Japanese Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT).
• DDBJ has an international advisory committee which consists of
nine members, 3 members each from Europe, US, and Japan.
• It advises DDBJ about its maintenance, management and future
plans once a year.
• DDBJ also has an international collaborative committee which
advises on various technical issues related to international
collaboration and consists of working-level participants.
• EMBL is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to
molecular biology research.

• It groups and laboratories perform basic research in molecular

biology and molecular medicine as well as train scientists,
students, and visitors.

• Research at EMBL is conducted by approximately 110

independent research and service groups covering the fields of
molecular biology and bioinformatics.

• The Laboratory operates from six sites: the main laboratory in

Heidelberg, and sites in Hinxton (EBI) in England, Grenoble
(France), Hamburg (Germany), Rome (Italy) and Barcelona
(Spain).

• It aids in the development of services, new instruments and

methods, and technology in its member states.
• GenBank sequence database is an open access, annotated collection of
all publicly available nucleotide sequences and their protein translations.
It is produced and maintained by the NCBI; a part of the National
Institutes of Health (NIH) as part of the (INSDC).

• The database started in 1982 by Walter Goad and Los Alamos National
Laboratory.

• GenBank is built by direct submissions from individual laboratories, as

well as from bulk submissions from large-scale sequencing centers.

• Only original sequences can be submitted to GenBank.

• GenBank has become an important database for research in biological

fields and has grown in recent years at an exponential rate by doubling
roughly every 18 months.
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Some secondary DNA
databases are:
 23andMe's database
 HapMap
 OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in
Man)
 RefSeq
 1000 Genomes Project
 EggNOG Database

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CONCLUSION
A biological database is a large, organized body of persistent data,
usually associated with computerized software designed to update,
query, and retrieve components of the data stored within the system.
Databases are essential for bioinformatics research and applications.
Many databases exist, covering various information types: for
example, DNA and protein sequences, molecular structures,
phenotypes and biodiversity. Databases may contain empirical data
i.e., obtained directly from experiments, predicted data i.e., obtained
from analysis or most commonly, both. They may be specific to a
particular organism, pathway or molecule of interest. Alternatively,
they can incorporate data compiled from multiple other databases.

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REFERENCES

• https://www.longdom.org/scholarly/bioinformatics-databases-journals-
articles-ppts-list-2876.html
• https://subjectguides.lib.neu.edu/c.php?g=948457&p=6839134
• https://bioinf.comav.upv.es/courses/biotech3/theory/databases.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_Data_Bank_of_Japan
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Molecular_Biology_Laboratory
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GenBank

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Thank
You.