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DNP Overview

DNP3 is a communication protocol primarily used in process automation for utilities like electricity, water, and oil, facilitating communication between SCADA Master stations and Remote Telemetry Units (RTUs) or Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). It is based on IEC 60870-5 and allows for monitoring and control of various physical processes through binary, analog, and count input data. The protocol supports event reporting and static data requests, enabling efficient management of remote installations.

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12 views16 pages

DNP Overview

DNP3 is a communication protocol primarily used in process automation for utilities like electricity, water, and oil, facilitating communication between SCADA Master stations and Remote Telemetry Units (RTUs) or Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). It is based on IEC 60870-5 and allows for monitoring and control of various physical processes through binary, analog, and count input data. The protocol supports event reporting and static data requests, enabling efficient management of remote installations.

Uploaded by

toshi.naman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to DNP

DNP3
 Protocols define the rules by which devices talk
with each other
 DNP3 is a set of communication protocols used
between components in process automation.
 Mainly used in utilities such as electricity, water
and oil.
 DNP3 is used for communication between
control centers (SCADA Master) and
RTUS/IEDs
DNP3
 DNP –Distributed Network Protocol
 SCADA – Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition.
 DNP3 is based on IEC 60870-5
 International counterpart – IEC60870-5-101
Protocol Overview
Protocol Participants
 SCADA Master Stations/Control Centre
 Connected to HMI and other control centre
 RTU – Remote Telemetry Unit
 Interface
between IEDs and Master Station
 Programmable up to certain extend
 IED- Intelligent Electronic Devices
 Sensors and Meters
 Relays and Actuators.
 Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC).
 Example- Electric company with substations having Voltage and
current sensors and controlled and monitored from the central
station
SCADA Master
 Control centre from which multiple substations or
other remote installations are controlled and
monitored.
 Connected to RTUs / IEDs
 Interface to Human through HMI.
 Process Display
 Trends and Alarms
 Provision for control by the remote operator
 Historical Data analysis
Sample SCADA Screen

Control Room
RTU Basics
 RTU – Remote Telemetry Unit.
 Appears as IED to SCADA Master when DNP is
used for communication.
 Manages Multiple IEDs.
 SCADA Master Identifies an RTU with its unique
address in the network.
 Have interface to specific types of transducers
and actuators.
Sample RTU

I/O Interface

Wireless RTU
IED Basic
 Intelligent Electronic Device.
 May be acquisition system only
 Can be responsible for control
 Possible Inputs-
 Configuration, Setting and Command Data
 Possible Output
 Values, Conditions, Status and results.
 PLCs Programmed with Ladder Logic.
Parameters
 IEDs and RTUs can monitor and control a
variety of physical process information:
 Accumulate Measurements like KWh
 Monitor Temperature
 Monitor voltage and current
 Switch breakers ON and OFF
 Transfer configuration files from SCADA
What do the DNP devices talk about
 Binary input data that is useful to monitor two-state
devices.
 Analog input data that conveys voltages, currents,
power, reservoir water levels
 Count input data that reports kilowatt hours of energy.

 Close or trip a circuit breaker, raise or lower a gate, and


open or close a valve.
 Analog output values to set a regulated pressure or set a
desired voltage level.
Client Server Architecture.
 server is a device or software process that has
data or information that someone else wants
 RTUS and IEDs are servers.
 A client is a device or software process that
requests data from a server.
 A master station is a client.
DNP3 Static Data
 The term static is used with data and refers to
the current value.
 static binary input data refers to the present on or off state of a
bi-state device
 Static analog input data contains the value of an analog at the
instant it is transmitted
 A DNP Master can request some or all of the static data
in a slave device.
DNP3 Events
 Events are associated with some thing
significant happening.
 state changes
 values exceeding some threshold
 An event occurs when a binary input changes from an on to
an off state or when an analog value changes by more than
its configured dead band limit.
 DNP Slaves can report events with or without timestamp.
 Normally DNP Masters will be configured to request event
data more frequently than static data requests.
DNP Event Classes
 Events can be classified into three groups
in DNP called event classes.
 Class 1
 Class 2
 Class 3

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