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Dependent and Independent Events - Probability of Compound Events

The document provides an overview of probability concepts, focusing on mutually exclusive and inclusive events, as well as independent and dependent events. It includes definitions, formulas, and examples to illustrate the differences between these types of events, along with practical applications and quizzes for assessment. The content is structured to facilitate understanding of how to calculate probabilities in various scenarios.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
6 views39 pages

Dependent and Independent Events - Probability of Compound Events

The document provides an overview of probability concepts, focusing on mutually exclusive and inclusive events, as well as independent and dependent events. It includes definitions, formulas, and examples to illustrate the differences between these types of events, along with practical applications and quizzes for assessment. The content is structured to facilitate understanding of how to calculate probabilities in various scenarios.

Uploaded by

marycris.tabinas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MATHEMATIC

T ER
S 130RD Q U A R

LE S S O N
JANUARY 20,
2025 |
N
6:00 AM –
12:20 N
REVIEW
PROBABILITY OF
MULTIPLE
EVENTS
● MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE EVENTS:
Events that cannot occur at the same time.

DEFINITION (Without intersection)

OF TERMS ● MUTUALLY INCLUSIVE EVENTS:


Events that can occur at the same time.
(With intersection)
MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE EVENTS MUTUALLY INCLUSIVE EVENTS

P (A ∪ B) = P (A) + P P (A ∩ B) = P (A) + P (B) - P (A


∩ B)
(B)
A B A B

U U
DISCUSSION
INDEPENDENT and
DEPENDENT EVENTS
● INDEPENDENT EVENTS: Occurrence of one
event not affecting the probability of the other.
(Same sample space)

DEFINITION
● DEPENDENT EVENTS: Occurrence of one

OF TERMS event affecting the probability of the other.


(Different sample space)
INDEPENDENT EVENTS DEPENDENT EVENTS

P (A and B) = P (A) x P P (A and B) = P (A) x P (B


(B) | A)
where: P (B | A), read as
“probability of B given A”
mean the probability of B given that
U A occurred already.
Examples:
Independent events
• Drawing cards from two or more different sets of cards.

• Tossing a coin and rolling a die.

• Getting a ball from different boxes.


Examples:
Dependent events?

• Drawing cards from a set of cards without replacing the card.

• Getting balls from a box without replacing the ball.


Can you give examples of
dependent/independent events that
happens in your life?
Determine whether the following are dependent
or independent events.

1. A card was drawn from a deck of 52 cards without


replacing it. Another card was drawn from the same
deck of cards. Depend
ent a die was rolled. Independent
2. After tossing a coin,
3. A color wheel was spun twice. Independent
4. A teacher calls students for recitation one by one.
Depend
ent
A jar contains 3 red, 5 green, 2 blue, 6 yellow candies. A
candy is chosen at random from the jar. A second marble
is chosen without replacing the first one. What is the
probability of choosing a green and a yellow candy?
Step 1: Determine if the events are dependent or independent
DEPENDENT
Step 2: Apply the formula.

𝑃 ( 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 )=𝑃 ( 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛 ) ● 𝑃 ( 𝑦𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤∨𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛 )


5 6
𝑃 (𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛 ∩ 𝑦𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤)= ●
16 15

30 𝟏
¿ =
240 𝟖
Example:
Kenneth and John are playing with cards. Mark drew a card at random with
replacement. Then he asked John what is the probability of drawing a Jack
followed by a Queen?

Step 1: Determine if the events are dependent or independent


INDEPENDENT
Step 2: Apply the formula.

P ( A and B ) = P(A) x P(B)


P ( J and Q ) = 4/52 x 4/52
P ( J and Q ) = 16 / 2704

P ( J and Q ) = 1/169
You randomly select two marbles from a bag that
contains 14 green, 7 blue, and 9 red marbles.
What is the probability that the first marble is blue
and the second marble is not blue if
(a) you replace the first marble before selecting the
second INDEPENDENT

𝟏𝟔𝟏
𝟗𝟎𝟎
You randomly select two marbles from a bag that
contains 6 green, 5 blue, and 9 red marbles. What
is the probability that the first marble is red and
the second marble is not red if
(b) you do not replace the first marble?
DEPENDENT
In a deck of 52 cards, three cards are chosen
randomly one at a time. What is the probability of
choosing an ace, a king and diamond if cards
drawn are replaced. INDEPENDENT
Ma’am San Andres needs two students from
35 girls and 15 boys to be part of a program in
Mathematics. What is the probability that both
students are girls if the selecting of students is
done one at a time? DEPENDENT
Determine the probability of the following events.

1. Two dice are rolled at the same time, what is the probability
of having odd numbers faced?

2. A bag contains 5 red marbles, 3 white marbles and 8 green


marbles. What is the probability of getting the following.
a. 2 red marbles, without replacing the marbles.

b. 1 red and 1 white marbles, without replacing the marbles.

c. One of each color if the marbles are replaced.


Determine the probability of the following events.

1. Two dice are rolled at the same time, what is the probability
of having odd numbers faced?

2. A bag contains 5 red marbles, 3 white marbles and 8 green


marbles. What is the probability of getting the following.
a. 2 red marbles, without replacing the marbles.
D

b. 1 red and 1 white marbles, without replacing the marbles.


D

c. One of each color if the marbles are replaced.


REVIEW
Things to Remember:
Probability of Independent events
 P(A ∩ B)= P(A)*P(B)
 Events are not related
 With replacement – whatever is
picked is put back before the
second pick.
 Denominator stays the same
(Same sample space)
Things to Remember:
Probability of Dependent events
 P(A ∩ B)= P(A)*P(B/A)
 Events are related
 Without replacement – whatever is
picked is NOT put back before the
second pick
 Denominator decreases by 1
(Different sample space)
Quiz #__:
Determine the probability of the following events

1. From a standard deck of cards, what is the probability


of choosing
a. a red and then a club with replacement?

b. a diamond, then a heart, then a black card without


replacement?

c. a 3, then a 7, then a face card without replacement?


Quiz #__:
Determine the probability of the following events

2. Out of a class of 42 students, your teacher chooses


students at random to present their research proposal.
What is the probability that he chooses you first, and
then chooses Bronson second?

3. A box contains 5 red marbles and 7 green marbles.


Find the probability of drawing 2 red marbles
a. with replacement
b. without replacement
Quiz #__:
Determine the probability of the following events

1. From a standard deck of cards, what is the probability


of choosing
a. a red and then a club with replacement?
Ind

b. a diamond, then a heart, then a black card without


replacement?
D

c. a 3, then a 7, then a face card without replacement?


D
Quiz #__:
Determine the probability of the following events

2. Out of a class of 42 students, your teacher chooses


students at random to present their research proposal. What
is the probability that he chooses you first, and then
chooses Bronson second?
D

3. A box contains 5 red marbles and 7 green marbles. Find


the probability of drawing 2 red marbles
a. with replacement Ind

b. without replacement D
Activity #__:
Determine the probability of the following events

1. Cards are drawn from a deck of 52 cards one at a


time. What is the probability of getting the following:
a. a king and a queen, without replacing the cards.

b. 3 aces without replacing the cards.

c. 2 face cards and 2 aces if the cards are replaced.


Activity # __:
Determine the probability of the following events

2. You flip a pair of coin. What is the probability that it


shows heads on the first flip and shows tails on the
second flip?
3. There are 2 glasses of root beer and 4 glasses of cola
on the counter. Josh drinks two of them at random.
What is the probability that he drank 2 glasses of cola?
4. Mark has 4 navy socks and 6 black socks in a drawer.
One dark morning, he randomly pulls out 2 socks. What
is the probability that he will select a pair of navy socks?
Activity #__:
Determine the probability of the following events
1. Cards are drawn from a deck of 52 cards one at a time. What is the probability of
a. a king and a queen, without replacing the cards.
D

b. 3 aces without replacing the cards.


D
c. 2 face cards and 2 aces if the cards are replaced.
Ind

2. Ind

3. D

D
4.
Questio
n
and
Answer

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