Finding
Areas Under
the Normal
Curve
Finding the Area of a Region Under
the Normal Curve
Every region under the normal curve
corresponds to the area bounded by the mean
or z= 0 and the number of units of the z-score is
from the center.
Each area value is given in percent, which also
signifies the percentage of data found within
the interval. Each half of the curve is
equivalent to an area of 0.5 or 50%.
STANDARD NORMAL CURVE
EQUATION:
Y= 75
% Y= height of the curve
particular vaues of X
X= any score in the
distribution
= standard deviation
25
= mean of the population
%
= 3.1416
= 2.7183
TABLE OF AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL
CURVE
Z- Table
The z-score is a measure of
relative standing. It is
calculated by subtracting the
mean from the measurement X
and then dividing the result by
s or (or ). The final result, the z-
score, represents the distance
between a given measurement
X and the mean, expressed in
standard deviations.
Four-Step Process in Finding the Areas
Under the Normal Curve Given a z-
Value
STEP 1 STEP 2
Express the given z- Using the z-Table,
value into three- find the first two
digit form digits on the left
column.
STEP 3 STEP 4
Match the third Read the area (or
digit with the probability) at the
appropriate column intersection of the
on the right row and the column.
AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVE
EXAMPLE 1:
Find the area that corresponds to
z = 1.
EXAMPLE 2:
Find the area that corresponds to z
= 1.36.
EXAMPLE 3:
Find the area that corresponds to z =
-2.58.
z-Score
EQUATION:
z= 75
% x= any score in the
distribution
= standard deviation
= mean of the population
25
%
The DG Company has 100
Example 1:
branches nationwide. The
annual profit of DG
Company is normally
distributed with a mean of
P73 million in a year and
a standard deviation of
P3.25 million. Find the z-
score pertaining to the
number of branches
having a sales of P80
million.
z=
z=
z=2
Recall that
Example 2: the DG
Company has 100
branches nationwide and
its annual profit is
normally distributed with
a mean of P73 million in a
year and a standard
deviation of P3.25 million.
What percentage of its
branches have a profit of
P73 million to P80
million?
z= z=
z= z=
z=2 z=0
Area between z = 0 and z = 2 is 0.4742 or
47.42 %
Example 3:
Determine the percentage
of the branches of the DG
Company with a profit of
P73 million to P79.6
million, assuming that the
standard deviation is now
P6 million and the mean
remains the same.
z= z=
z= z=
z=0 z = 1.1
Area between z = 0 and z = 1.1 is 0.3643 or
36.43 %
Suppose that 1,000
Example 4:
students took a Math
examination wherein
the maximum score
that they obtain is 100.
Their average score is
70 with a standard
deviation of 5. How
many of the students
obtained a score from
z=
z=
z=1
z=1 =0.3413 or 34.13 %
34.13% of 1000 is 341.3. Therefore, there
are about 341 students whose scores are
between 70 to 90
How to find the area under a normal
curve within a given distance from the
mean.
If two z-scores are both
Situation
positive or both negative in
1 values, subtract the areas.
Situation If two z-scores have different
2 signs, add the two areas.
Example 5:
What is the area under
the standard normal
curve bounded by z=
1.23 and z= 0.25?
Example 6:
Fifty job applicants took an
IQ test and their scores are
normally distributed with a
mean of 100. How many
applicants obtained a score
between 74 and 126 if the
standard deviation of their
scores is 20?
ANSWER THE PROBLEMS
IN THE NEXT SLIDE ON A
1 WHOLE SHEET OF
PAPER.
Find the area under the
Problem 1 standard normal curve from to
Find the area under the
Problem 2 standard normal curve from to
Find the area under the
Problem 3 standard normal curve from to
Consider the problem in
Problem 4 example 6, how many
applicants obtained a score
Find the corresponding area between
z = 0 and each of the following:
01
01 02
02 03
03
z = 0.96
z = 1.74 z = 2.18
04
04 05
05
z = 2.69 z = 3.00
How to find the area of the region to
the right or left of a positive z-score.
Let A be the area bounded by a given positive
z-score
If the required area is to the
Situation
left of a positive z-score, then
1 add 50% or 0.5 to A.
Situation If the required area is to the
2 right of a positive z-score, then
subtract A from 0.5 or 50%.
Example 1:
What is the area
under the normal
curve to the right of
z= 1.1; or z> 1.1?
Example 2:
What is the area
under the normal
curve to the left of
z= 1.1; or z< 1.1?
How many
Example 3: branches
(out of 100) of the
DG company have a
profit of less than or
equal to P80.5
million if the
standard deviation is
P5 million and the
mean is P73 million?
Example 4:
Find the area under
the normal curve to
the right of z= 2.44;
or z>2.44
How to find the area of the region to
the right or left of a negative z-score.
Let A be the area bounded by z= 0 and a given
negative z-score.
If the required area is to the
Situation
right of a negative z-score,
1 then add 50% or 0.5 to A.
Situation If the required area is to the
left of a negative z-score, then
2
subtract A from 0.5 or 50%.
Example 1:
What is the area
under the normal
curve to the right of
z= -2.02; or z> -2.02?
Example 2:
What is the area
under the normal
curve to the left of
z= -2.02; or z< -2.02?
Example 3:
Find the area under
the normal curve to
the right of z= -0.05;
or z> -0.05.
Example 4:
Find the area under
the normal curve to
the left of z= -2.90;
or z< -2.90.
Find the area under the normal curve
of the following in percent:
01
01 02
02 03
03
From z= 0 From z= 0 From z= -
to z= 1.57 to z= 2.81 3.02 to z=
1.0
04
04 05
05 06
06
For z> For z < For z< -1.11
1.34 1.34
07 For z> -1.11
07 08 For z> -2.29
08
