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Day 3

The document provides an overview of random variables, probability, and probability distributions, particularly focusing on discrete random variables. It includes definitions, examples, and properties of probability distributions, as well as activities to illustrate these concepts. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding probability distributions in various real-life situations.

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15 views21 pages

Day 3

The document provides an overview of random variables, probability, and probability distributions, particularly focusing on discrete random variables. It includes definitions, examples, and properties of probability distributions, as well as activities to illustrate these concepts. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding probability distributions in various real-life situations.

Uploaded by

aadona43
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STATISTIC AND

PROBABILITY
KINNEDY C. GEMENTIZA
Subject Teacher
Random Variable

 Random Variable is a result of chance of


event that you can measure or count. It is
also numerical quantity that is derived
from the outcomes of a random
experiments.
Situation:

The amount of money a person wins in a


lottery.
Situation:

The amount of money a person wins in a


lottery.
- because the amount can vary depending on the
number of winners and the size of the prize pool.
Situation:

Winning a lottery
- one in a million
Situation:

Weather Planning
- Meteorologists around the world use different
instruments and tools to predict weather changes.
- If there are 40% chances of raining then the
weather condition is such that 40 of 100 days it
rained.
What is Probability?

- is a number that reflects the chance or


likelihood that a particular event will
occur.
What is Distribution?

-that shows the possible values for a


variable and how often they occur.
Probability Distribution
of Discrete Random
Variable
Objectives:
a. Define probability Distribution
b. Illustrate a probability distribution for a
discrete random variable.
c. Construct probability distribution for a
discrete random variable.
What is this?

Getting an odd number in a single roll of a
die.
1
- Since there are 3 odd numbers in a die
2
Example:

Tossing a coin twice
Sample Space (Outcome) Number of Heads How many possible ways can this
(Random Variable X) happen, if you flip a coin twice?
(Probability of X)

HH 2 1 out of 4 outcomes
HT
1 2 out of 4 outcomes
TH
TT 0 1 out of 4 outcomes
Example:

Value of X 2 1 0
Probability of X: 𝟏 𝟐 𝟏
p(x) or f(x) 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
Definition:
Probability Distribution for a Discrete Random
Variable – is a list all the possible values that the
random variable can assume and their corresponding
probabilities.
Properties:
 The sum of all probabilities should be 1.
P(x) = 1
 Probabilities should be confined between
zero (0) and 1.
0≤ P(x) ≤ 1
Example:
1. Y 2 4 6 8
P(Y) ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼

2. X 0 1 3 5
P(X) 1/3 1/6 1/3 ¼
Example:
3. Z 4 7 8 9
P(Z) 1/5 1/5 2/5 1/5

4. H 2 4 6 8
P(H) 0. 25 0. 40 0. 20 0. 15

5. G 5 10 15 20
P(G) 0. 25 0. 20 0.20 0.35
Activity:

Getting a tail in tossing a coin.


Getting a red ball from a box containing 3 red and 6
black balls.
Answer Me!

1. What is probability distribution?


2. How to illustrate a probability distribution for a
discrete random variable.
3. What do you think is the importance of probability
distribution in our lives?
4. What are the properties of probability distribution
for a discrete random variable.
ACTIVITY TIME:
Direction: Illustrate a probability distribution of a discrete
random variable.
1. In a file of 10 records with 2 errors, 5 are examined. Let the
random variable X be the number of errors.
2. Three paper bills are drawn in succession without
replacement from a piggy bank containing ten 20 – peso bill,
fifteen 50 – peso bill, and five 100- peso bill. Let random
variable X be the number of 20 – peso bill drawn.
Determine whether the distribution is a
discrete probability distribution.
x 3 6 8
P(x) -0.3 0.6 0.7

x 1 2 3 4 5
P(x) 3/10 1/10 1/10 2/10 3/10

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