Intro To Programming
Intro To Programming
Programming develops valuable problem-solving skills, especially ones that pertain to analysis, design and
implementation
Ubiquitous
Astronomy
Computing
Smaller,
Faster,
Cheaper
Sensors
Gene
Sequencing
and
Biotechnology
Hardware Basics
To be a successful programmer, you need to
know some details of how computers work
Output
CPU Devices
Input
Devices
Main Seconda
Memory ry
Memory
Functional View of a Computer
• The secondary memory is where your saved program and data reside
• It is a non-volatile storage
• I.e., when the power is turned off,
your program and data will NOT be lost E.g., Hard Disk
Seconda
ry
Memory
Functional View of a Computer
• The main memory is much faster (but more expensive) than the
secondary one, however, it is volatile
• Your program and data are copied from secondary memory to main
memory for efficiency reasons
E.g., Random Access Memory (RAM)
Main Seconda
Memory ry
Memory
Functional View of a Computer
E.g., Monitor
E.g., Keyboard Output
and mouse CPU Devices
Input
Devices
Main Seconda
Memory ry
Memory
Functional View of a Computer
Humans interact with
computers via Input and
Output (IO) devices E.g., Monitor
E.g., Keyboard Output
and mouse Information from Input devices Devices
are processed by the CPU
Input
and may be shuffled off to the
Devices
main or secondary memory
Running Output
Inputs
Program s
Interpreting a High-Level
Language
There are many different languages, but all share the property
of having a precise syntax (form) and semantics (meaning)
Started Guide
Feel free to experiment and explore!
Scratch Syntax: Part 1
Statements
In programming, a statement is simply a
directive that tells the computer to do
something. Think of it as a command or an
instruction.
In Scratch, any block whose label reads like
a command is a statement.
Boolean Expressions
Sometimes, you only want a statement to be
executed under certain conditions. Such
conditions are defined in terms of Boolean
expressions.
In programming, a Boolean expression is
conditions.
Conditions
In programming, a condition is something
that must be true in order for something to
happen.
A condition is thus said to "evaluate to true"
or "evaluate to false."
In Scratch, any block whose label says "if,"
Follow Me applet
Homework
Complete the Cat Walk Project
You may wish to use the Scratch Reference
very helpful
Completed projects need to be submitted via