2025 년 1 학기 ‘ IT 실무영어 2’

강의자료
Chapter 02
Operating System
00 Last week’s Review
01 Intro
02 Introduction to Operating System
03 Most Popular Operating System
04 Steve Jobs
05 Summary Conclusion
06 Great speeches from great people
07 This week's Crossword Quiz

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Last week’s Review

Chapter 01
Introduction to Computer System

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Intro

Operating Systems

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Intro

Operating Systems

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Intro

An Operating system is system software that

controls the execution of computer programs
and may provide various services.
Nowadays, there are various operating systems
that are available such as UNIX, Linux, and
Windows. Also, they are the most widely used
system software for Web servers.
Let’s study the subjects related to the operat-
ing systems in this chapter.

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Introduction to Operating System (1)

Operating System 운영체제

An Operating System (OS) controls all the operations that take

place in a computer. In other words, the OS manages all the
resources of a computer such as various software and hard-
ware devices.
The operating system is also responsible for security.
• For example, it protects the system from unauthorized users by al-
lowing only authorized users to access the computer.

The operating systems such as UNIX, Linux, and Windows are

the most widely used systems for computers.

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Introduction to Operating System (2)

The History of the Window Operating System

윈도우 역사

Microsoft works on the first version of a new operating system.

Interface Manager is the code name and is considered as the
final name, but Windows prevails because it best describes the
boxes or computing “windows” that are fundamental to the
new system.
• Windows is announced in 1983, but it takes a while to develop.

• Skeptics call it “vaporware.”

On November 20, 1985, two years after the initial announce-

ment, Microsoft ships Windows 1.0.
• Now, rather than typing MS‑DOS commands, you just move a mouse
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Introduction to Operating System (3)

The History of the Window Operating System

윈도우 역사

There are drop-down menus, scroll bars, icons, and dialog

boxes that make programs easier to learn and use. You're able
to switch among several programs without having to quit and
restart each one.
Windows 1.0 ships with several programs, including MS‑DOS
file management, Paint, Windows Writer, Notepad, Calculator,
and a calendar, card file, and clock to help you manage day-
to-day activities. There’s even a game-Reversi.

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Introduction to Operating Sys-
tem (4)
Network Operating System 네트워크 운영체제

A Network Operating System (NOS) is an operating system

that includes special functions for connecting computers and
devices into a local-area network (LAN).
• Some operating systems, such as UNIX and the Mac OS, have net-
working functions built in.

The term network operating system, however, is generally re-

served for software that enhances a basic operating system by
adding networking features.

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Most Popular Operating System
(1)
UNIX 유닉스

Unix, pronounced yoo-niks, is a popular multi-user, multitask-

ing operating system developed at Bell Labs in the early
1970s.
• UNIX was designed to be a small, flexible system used exclusively by
programmers.

UNIX was one of the first operating systems to be written in a

high-level programming language, namely C.
• Bell Labs distributed the operating system in its source language
form.
• So anyone who obtained a copy could modify and customize it for his
own purposes.
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Most Popular Operating System
(2)
UNIX 유닉스

By the end of the 1970s, dozens of different versions of UNIX

were running at various sites. After its breakup in 1982, AT&T
began to market UNIX in earnest.
It also began the long and difficult process of defining a stan-
dard version of UNIX.
Historically, it has been less popular in the personal computer
market.
• However, due to its portability, flexibility, and power, UNIX has become a
leading operating system for workstations.

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Most Popular Operating System
(3)
Linux 리눅스

Linux is pronounced lih-nucks and it is a freely-distributable

open source operating system that runs on a number of hard-
ware platforms.
The Linux kernel was developed mainly by Linus Torvalds.
Because it’s free, and because it runs on many platforms, in-
cluding PCs and Macintoshes, Linux has become an extremely
popular alternative to proprietary operating systems.

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Most Popular Operating System
(4)
Window 윈도우

Windows is a family of operating systems for personal com-

puters.
Windows dominates the personal computer world, running on
90% of all personal computers.
• The remaining 10% is mostly Macintosh computers.

Like the Macintosh operating environment, Windows provides

a graphical user interface (GUI), virtual memory management,
multitasking, and support for many peripheral devices.

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Mobile Operating System (1)

Android 안드로이드

Android OS is a Linux-based platform for mobile phones.

• Android was released under the Apache v2 open source license.

• Ensure you choose the best server OS for your organization by re-
viewing a breakdown of Linux vs. Windows vs. other alternatives.

Android began its life as a Palo Alto based startup company,

founded in 2003.
• That company was subsequently acquired by Google in 2005.

The Android platform includes an operating system based

upon Linux, a GUI, a Web browser and end user applications
that can be downloaded.

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Mobile Operating System (2)

Android 안드로이드

Although the initial demonstrations of Android featured a

generic QWERTY smart phone and large VGA screen, the oper-
ating system was written to run on relatively inexpensive
handsets with conventional numeric keypads.
Android runs on both of the most widely deployed cellular
standards, GSM/HSDPA and CDMA/EV-DO. Android will also
support:
• WiFi, Bluetooth, 3G communication protocols, like EV-DO and HSDPA
• SMS messaging, MMS

• Video/still digital cameras, touchscreens, accelerated 3D graphics

• GPS, compasses, accelerometers etc.

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Mobile Operating System (3)

iOS
iOS is Apple's mobile operating system used to run the popular
iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch devices.
Formerly known as the iPhone OS, there are over 900,000 iOS
applications available for download in the Apple app store, the
most popular app store of any mobile device.
The iOS utilizes a multi-touch interface where simple gestures
are used to operate the device, like swiping your finger across
the screen to move to the next page or pinching your fingers
to zoom out.

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Mobile Operating System (4)

iOS
Since its release, iOS has gone through multiple updates, with
updates adding the ability to create folders for app icons and
the ability to multitask.
The updates are generally free for iPhone and iPad users,
while iPod Touch users are sometimes required to pay a nomi-
nal fee.
Updates to the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch can be done wire-
lessly through the settings or through the iTunes software
package, which is a free download for Mac OS and Windows.

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Mobile Operating System (5)

iOS
iOS features include:
• Integrated search support enables simultaneous search through files, media,
applications and email.
• Gesture recognition supports, for example, shaking the device to undo the
most recent action.
• Google Maps direction services.
• Push email.
• Safari mobile browser.
• Integrated camera and video.
• Integrated media player.
• Direct access to the Apple Store’s catalogue of applications, music, podcasts,
television shows and movies.
• Compatibility with Apple’s cloud service, iCloud.
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Steve Jobs

Steve Jobs CEO

Steve Jobs was an American entrepreneur, marketer, and in-
ventor, who was the cofounder and chairman of Apple Inc.
Through Apple, he is widely recognized as a charismatic and
design-driven pioneer of the personal computer revolution and
for his influential career in the computer and consumer elec-
tronics fields.
Jobs served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios.
• He played a role in introducing the LaserWriter, the first laser printer
to feature vector graphics that started desktop publishing to the
market.

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Summary Conclusion

Summary (1)
An operating system is the program that, after being initially
loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all the
other programs in a computer.
The other programs are called applications or application pro-
grams.
The application programs make use of the operating system
by making requests for services through a defined application
programming interface(API).
• In addition, users can interact directly with the operating system
through a user interface such as a command language or a graphical
user interface(GUI).
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Summary Conclusion

Summary(2)
An operating system performs these services for applications:
• In a multitasking operating system where multiple programs can be
running at the same time, the operating system determines which
applications should run in what order and how much time should be
allowed for each application before giving another application a turn.
• It manages the sharing of internal memory among multiple applica-
tions.
• It handles input and output to and from attached hardware devices,
such as hard disks, printers, and dial-up ports.

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Great speeches from great people

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Great speeches from great people

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This week's Crossword Quiz

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This week's Crossword Quiz

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