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Fundamentals of Computing

The document provides an overview of the fundamentals of computing, defining a computer as an electronic device that processes data through input, processing, and output. It discusses key components such as hardware and software, types of computers, characteristics, historical milestones, and various applications in fields like healthcare, education, business, and entertainment. The conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of computers and anticipates future advancements in technology.

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Ajay Garg
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2 views10 pages

Fundamentals of Computing

The document provides an overview of the fundamentals of computing, defining a computer as an electronic device that processes data through input, processing, and output. It discusses key components such as hardware and software, types of computers, characteristics, historical milestones, and various applications in fields like healthcare, education, business, and entertainment. The conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of computers and anticipates future advancements in technology.

Uploaded by

Ajay Garg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamentals of Computing

Welcome to a journey into the world of computers! Today, we'll


explore the basics of computing, from the fundamental
components to their diverse applications.

by Ajay Garg
What is a Computer?
Definition Key Components

A computer is an electronic device that processes data Hardware: Physical components like the CPU, RAM, and
according to a set of instructions. It accepts input, storage. Software: Programs that control the hardware
processes it, and produces output. and perform specific tasks.
Input, Output, and Processing

Input Processing
Information fed into the The computer manipulates the
computer from external sources, input data using its central
such as keyboard, mouse, or processing unit (CPU) to
microphone. generate results.

Output
The processed data is displayed
or transmitted to the user or
other devices, such as a screen,
printer, or speakers.
Computer Memory and Storage
Memory (RAM) Storage (Disk)

Short-term storage for actively used data. It is fast but Long-term storage for data and programs. It is slower
volatile, meaning data is lost when power is off. than RAM but persistent, meaning data is saved even
when power is off.
Types of Computers
Desktop Laptop
A traditional computer designed for stationary use, usually A portable computer with a built-in display, keyboard, and
consisting of a monitor, keyboard, and mouse. trackpad, designed for mobility.

Smartphone Supercomputer
A mobile phone with advanced computing capabilities, A high-performance computer designed for complex
designed for communication, entertainment, and web scientific simulations, data analysis, and other demanding
browsing. tasks.
Characteristics of Computers
1 Speed 2 Accuracy
Computers process They perform calculations
information incredibly and operations with great
fast, handling large accuracy, minimizing
amounts of data in a errors in processing data.
short time.

3 Versatility 4 Automation
Computers can be Computers can be
adapted to a wide range programmed to perform
of tasks and applications, repetitive tasks
making them highly automatically, freeing up
versatile tools. human resources for
more creative endeavors.
History of Computers
1 Abacus
An ancient tool used for calculations, laying the foundation for early
mechanical calculators.

2 First Mechanical Calculator


Blaise Pascal invented the first mechanical calculator, a significant
step towards modern computers.

3 ENIAC
The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer was the first
general-purpose electronic computer, a groundbreaking development.

4 First Personal Computer


The Altair 8800 marked the beginning of the personal computer
revolution, making computing accessible to individuals.
7th Generation Computers
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Emphasis on intelligent systems, capable of learning and adapting to new
1
information and tasks.

Parallel Processing
2 Utilizing multiple processors simultaneously to enhance
performance and efficiency.

Ubiquitous Computing
3 The integration of computing devices into everyday
objects and environments.
Applications of Computers

1 2
Healthcare Education
Diagnosing illnesses, monitoring Providing interactive learning
patient health, and conducting experiences, accessing online
research. resources, and facilitating
research.

3 4
Business Entertainment
Managing data, automating tasks, Providing access to multimedia
and facilitating communication content, gaming, and social media
and collaboration. platforms.
Conclusion and Key
Takeaways
Computers have revolutionized our world, offering incredible
capabilities for processing information and automating tasks. As
we continue to explore the realm of computing, we can expect
even more innovative applications and advancements in the
future.

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