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Detailed_Basics_of_C_Programming

Unit I covers the basics of C programming, including algorithms, program structure, character sets, keywords, data types, and operators. It outlines the steps for writing algorithms and the essential components of a C program, such as preprocessor directives and the main function. Additionally, it discusses predefined data types and various operators used in C programming.

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Amruta Wayal
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2 views

Detailed_Basics_of_C_Programming

Unit I covers the basics of C programming, including algorithms, program structure, character sets, keywords, data types, and operators. It outlines the steps for writing algorithms and the essential components of a C program, such as preprocessor directives and the main function. Additionally, it discusses predefined data types and various operators used in C programming.

Uploaded by

Amruta Wayal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit - I: Basics of C Programming

Overview and Key Concepts


1.1 Algorithms and Flowcharts
• 1.1.1 Steps for Writing Algorithm:
• - Define the problem clearly with inputs and
outputs.
• - Outline key steps in logical sequence.
• - Write pseudocode or step-by-step
instructions.
• - Test the algorithm with sample inputs.

• Example Algorithm: Find the sum of two


1.2 Structure of C Program
• Structure of a C Program:
• - Preprocessor Directives: #include <stdio.h>,
#define
• - Global Declarations: Declare global
variables/constants
• - main() Function: Entry point of the program
• - Local Declarations: Variables within main()
• - Statements: Logic and computation
• - Return Statement: Exits the program
1.3 Character Set, Keywords, and
Identifiers
• Character Set:
• - Alphabets: A-Z, a-z
• - Digits: 0-9
• - Special Characters: $, %, &, #, etc.
• - White Spaces: Space, tab, newline

• Keywords:
• - Reserved words like int, char, return.
• - Example: void, for, if, while, switch.
1.4 Data Types
• 1.4.1 Predefined Data Types:
• - Integer: int (signed, unsigned, long)
• - Float: float (e.g., 3.14), double for higher
precision
• - Character: char for single characters (e.g., 'a',
'z')
• - Octal: Numbers prefixed with 0 (e.g., 012)
• - Hexadecimal: Numbers prefixed with 0x (e.g.,
0x1A)
1.5 Operators and Expressions
• 1.5.1 Formatted Input/Output:
• - Input: scanf("%d", &variable)
• - Output: printf("Value: %d", variable)

• 1.5.2 Types of Operators:


• - Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %
• - Logical: &&, ||, !
• - Relational: ==, !=, >, >=, <, <=
• - Increment/Decrement: ++ (increment), --

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