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Chapter2-Speed Velocity

Chapter 2 of the physics notes covers key concepts of displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It explains the differences between scalar and vector quantities, provides examples of calculating total distance and displacement, and discusses the measurement of speed and acceleration. Additionally, it describes the behavior of falling objects and the significance of graphs in understanding motion.

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GabrielMurambasvina
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22 views10 pages

Chapter2-Speed Velocity

Chapter 2 of the physics notes covers key concepts of displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It explains the differences between scalar and vector quantities, provides examples of calculating total distance and displacement, and discusses the measurement of speed and acceleration. Additionally, it describes the behavior of falling objects and the significance of graphs in understanding motion.

Uploaded by

GabrielMurambasvina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Chapter 2

Notes
Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration
Displacement
• The distance in a straight line in a certain direction from the
starting point
• Eg Lily walked 1km to the North, then 2km to the East
followed by 1km to the south.
• a. what is her total walking distance?
• b. what is her final displacement?

• Answers:
• a. 1 + 2 + 1 = 4km
• b. 2m due east from starting point
Speed and Velocity
• Scalar: has only magnitude and no direction
• Speed is distance travelled by a body per unit time
• Vector: has both magnitude and direction
• Velocity is distance travelled per unit time in a stated direction

• Units: ms-1 or kmh-1


• Average speed is NOT the constant speed

• Instantaneous speed: the speed at any instant


• Use speedometer to find instantaneous speed
• Can be found by finding the gradient of the tangent to the
displacement-time graph, at that point in time
Speed measurement using
ticker-tape timer
Acceleration
• Defined as the rate of change of velocity with time

• Units: ms-2 or kmh-2


• If velocity is constant, acceleration= 0
• If velocity decreasing  negative acceleration/deceleration
• The gradient of a velocity-time graph of a moving object gives
the acceleration of the object at a given time
Acceleration of bodies falling
near to earth
• An object falling near to Earth, where the air resistance is
negligible, has a velocity-time graph that is s straight line. It
falls with a constant acceleration
• The only force acting on the object experiencing free fall is the
force of gravity
• Acceleration = 10ms-2
Acceleration-time graphs

Decreasing acceleration Decreasing speed Constant speed


Velocity-time graphs

Constant speed Constant speed Zero acceleration

Increasing acceleration Constant acceleration


Distance-time graph
Area under velocity-time
graph
• Area under velocity-time
graph is the distance

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