Scribd
Upload
22 views33 pages

Lesson 14

Lesson 14 covers the definition of health as a holistic state of well-being influenced by various determinants such as education, physical environment, and social support. It discusses the concept of disease as an interaction between humans, agents, and the environment, and outlines the components of the environment, including physical, biological, and psychosocial factors. Additionally, it identifies various environmental hazards that can impact health, including biological, chemical, physical, and sociological hazards.

Uploaded by

g.mulubwa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views33 pages

Lesson 14

Lesson 14 covers the definition of health as a holistic state of well-being influenced by various determinants such as education, physical environment, and social support. It discusses the concept of disease as an interaction between humans, agents, and the environment, and outlines the components of the environment, including physical, biological, and psychosocial factors. Additionally, it identifies various environmental hazards that can impact health, including biological, chemical, physical, and sociological hazards.

Uploaded by

g.mulubwa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 33

LESSON 14 HEALTH

AND ENVIRONMENT
LESSON 14
HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT
• The objectives:
Definition of health
Determinants of health.
The concept of disease.
Components of environment
Environmental hazards.
Solution to environmental problems
Health
• Health is a state of complete physical, mental, social and spiritual
well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
• The definition of health has been amplified to include:
socially
economically
spiritually productive life.”
• Holistic concept of health recognizes the strength of:
 social,
economic,
 political and
environmental influences on health.
Determinants of health

• Education
low education levels are linked to poor health, more stress and lower self-
confidence.
• Physical environment
Physical features that contribute to good health include:
 Safe water and clean air,
 healthy workplaces and safe houses
 roads
• Employment and working conditions
 people in employment are healthier, particularly those who have more
control over their working conditions
• Social support networks
greater support from families, friends and communities is linked to better
health.
• Culture –
customs and traditions, and the beliefs of the family and community all affect
health.
• Genetics –
 inheritance plays a part in determining lifespan, healthiness and the
likelihood of developing certain illnesses.
• Personal behaviour and coping skills –
 balanced eating,
physical exercises,
Stress copying mechanism.
• Health services –
 access and use of services that prevent and treat disease influences health.
• Gender –
Men and women suffer from different types of diseases at different ages.
• Income and social status –
 higher income and social status are linked to better health.
The bigger the gap between the rich and poor people, the greater the
differences in health.
The concept of disease

• Disease results from complex interaction between:


 man,
an agent and
the environment.
• From ecological point of view disease is defined as “maladjustment of
the human organism to the environment”.
Environment
• All that which is external to man is the environment.
• The concept of environment is complex
• Environment include the:
 external and
internal environment.
• The external environment or the Macro-environment is responsible
for millions of preventable diseases.
• Micro-environment is the domestic environment in which man lives.
• The term internal environment is some time used for the
environment inside the body.
• External environment refers to all that is external to the living and
non-living.
Components of environment
1. Physical –
water,
soil,
housing,.
2. Biological –
man, viruses,
microbial agents,
insects, rodents,
animals and plants.
3. Psychosocial –
 cultural values, customs,
 beliefs, habits, attitudes,
morals, religion, education,
Environmental health
• Environmental health is the study and management of environmental
conditions that affect the health of humans.
Environmental hazards
• Environmental hazards may be:
 biological,
chemical,
physical,
psychological,
sociological,
site and location hazards.
1. Biological hazards,
• Also known as biohazards, refer to biological substances that pose a
threat to the health of living organisms, primarily that of humans.
• Examples of biohazards:
Water-borne diseases are diseases that are transmitted in drinking
water.
Food borne diseases are diseases transmitted in or on food.
Vector borne diseases are those diseases transmitted by insects or
other arthropods.
2. Chemical hazards
• They results from mismanagement or misuse of chemicals.
• Examples of chemical hazards are as follows;
Pesticides –
Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)
Lead
3. Physical hazards include
airborne particles,
humidity,
equipment
radiation.
5. Sociological hazards
• These results from living in a society where one experiences:
 noise,
lack of privacy and
overcrowding.
• An example of sociological hazards is population growth.
6. Site and Location Hazards –
• These are Natural disasters of which may produce significant damage
and injuries to the people i.e.,
cyclones,
earthquakes,
floods

You might also like