IN THIS LESSON, YOU WILL LEARN ABOUT:

• Boolean expressions
• The relational comparison and logic
operators
– AND logic
– OR logic
– NOT logic
• Precedence when combining AND and
OR operators
 BOOLEAN
EXPRESSIONS
AND THE
SELECTION
STRUCTURE
Boolean
Expression
⮚an expression whose value can
be only true or false (yes or no,
1 or 0, on or off switches)
⮚ used to control every
selection structure
Boolean
Expression
⮚ after
Mathematician
George Boole
(1815–1864)
⮚ the father of
information age
 USING
RELATIONAL
COMPARISON
OPERATORS
 Relational Comparison Operators
Operator Name Discussion
Equivalency Evaluates as true when its operands are
= operator equivalent. Because the assignment
operator in many languages is the equal
sign, those languages often use a
double equal sign (==/===) as the
equivalency operator to avoid confusion
with the assignment operator.

Greater – than Evaluates as true when the left operand

> operator is greater than the right operand.

Less – than Evaluates as true when the left operand

< operator is less than the right operand.
 Relational Comparison Operators
Operator Name Discussion
Greater-than- equal-to operator
>= or equal-to
operator
Evaluates as true when the left operand is
greater than or equivalent to the right
operand.
Less-than-or- Evaluates as true when the left operand is
<= equal-to
operator
less than or equivalent to the right
operand.

Not-equal-to
<>/!=
Evaluates as true when its operands are not
operator equivalent. Some languages use an
exclamation point followed by an equal sign
(!=) as the not-equal-to operator. In a
flowchart or pseudocode, you might prefer to
use the algebraic not-equal to symbol (≠) or
to spell out the words “not equal to.”
 If:
x represents the
left operand x=5
y=9
x>y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand
x = “jack”
y = “JACK”
x == y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand
x = “jack”
y = “june”
x<y
y represents the
right operand
BOOLEAN
RACE
 If:
x represents the
left operand x=9
y=4
x>y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand
x = “cat”
y = “cheese”
x => y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x=5
y = 12
x => y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x = “zoo”
y = “Zoo”
x == y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x=7
y=9
x != y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x = 100
y = .01
x<y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x = .001
y = .01
x>y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x = 100
y = 100
x != y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x = 1000
y = 1000
x ==y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x = .078
y = .780
x >= y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x = 678
y = 679
x>y
y represents the
right operand
 If:
x represents the
left operand x=1
y = 100%
x ==y
y represents the
right operand
If x < y is true,
then x ___
>= y is
false.
If x > y is true,
then x ___
<= y is
false.
If x == y is true,
then x <>___
or != y is

false.
If x != y is true,
then x ___
== y is
false.
If x != y is true,
then x ___ y may
> or <

be true.
 OPERATOR ENGLISH TERM / WORD
USUALLY USED

Greater Than (>) Over, above, more than,

Lesser Than (<) Below, lesser
Greater or equal (>=) NO less than, AND
above, AND more, NOT
under, at least
Lesser or equal (<=) NO more than, AND
below, AND lesser, at
most
X is no more than 4 X <= 4

X is at least 4 X >= 4

X not under 4 X >= 4

X is 4 and above X >= 4

X is at most 4 X <= 4
C++ Boolean Values

• bool data type

• returns 1 if true and 0 if
false
C++ Boolean Values

bool isCodingFun = true;

bool isFishTasty = false;
cout << isCodingFun;// Outputs 1 (true)
cout << isFishTasty;// Outputs 0 (false)
C++ Boolean Expressions

• returns 1 if true and 0 if false

• use the comparison
operators and/or the logical
operators
C++ Boolean Expressions
int x = 10;
int y = 9;
cout << (x > y); // returns 1 (true),
because 10 is higher than 9

OR
int x = 10;
int y = 9;
cout << (10 > 9); // returns 1 (true), because 10
is higher than 9
DETERMINE THE OUTPUT

int x = 10;
cout << (x == 10);//1
DETERMINE THE OUTPUT
int x = 10;
cout << (x == 10); //1
cout << (10 == 15);//0
cout << (10 != 15);//1
cout << (x <= 21);//1
cout << (10 >= 15);//0
cout << (x > 10);//0
cout << (10 < 15);//1