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Indexes

Indexes are used to quickly locate data in tables and views, improving query performance by avoiding full table scans. There are various types of indexes including clustered, non-clustered, unique, and filtered, each with specific characteristics and uses. Clustered indexes determine the physical order of data and a table can only have one, while non-clustered indexes store data separately and can have multiple instances.

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18 views14 pages

Indexes

Indexes are used to quickly locate data in tables and views, improving query performance by avoiding full table scans. There are various types of indexes including clustered, non-clustered, unique, and filtered, each with specific characteristics and uses. Clustered indexes determine the physical order of data and a table can only have one, while non-clustered indexes store data separately and can have multiple instances.

Uploaded by

Rasel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDEXES

WHAT IS INDEX?

 INDEXES ARE USED BY QUERY TO FIND DATA FROM TABLE


QUICKLY.
 INDEXES ARE CREATED ON TABLES AND VIEWS.
 INDEX ON A TABLE OR VIEW IS VERY MUCH SIMILAR TO
AN INDEX
THAT WE FIND IN A BOOK.
ADVANTAGE OF INDEX?

 THE EXISTENCE OF RIGHT INDEX CAN DRASTICALLY


IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF THE QUERY.
 IF THERE IS NO INDEX TO HELP THE QUERY, THEN THE
QUERY
ENGINE CHECK EVERY ROW IN THE TABLE FROM THE
BEGINNING TO THE END. THIS IS CALLED TABLE SCAN.
 BUT TABLE SCAN IS NOT A GOOD PRACTICE. IT REDUCES
THE QUERY
PERFORMANCE SPEED.
WHY INDEXING

CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING TABLE….

IF WE WRITE A QUERY LIKE

NOW IF WE WANT TO FIND SALARY

BETWEEN 5000 TO 7000 THEN WE HAVE TO SCAN THE ENTIRE


TABLE. BECAUSE OUR SALARY COLUMN IS NOT SORTED.
WHY INDEXING

NOW IF WE CREATE A INDEX ON SALARY COLUMN IN


ASCENDING ORDER THEN THE IT WILL WORK LIKE THIS….
CNTD..

 TO FIND IF THERE IS ANY INDEX ON A SPECIFIC TABLE OR


VIEW WE HAVE A BUILT-IN FUNCTION CALLED
SP_HELPINDEX
SYNTAX IS :
SP_HELPINDEX TBLEMPLOYEE
 WE CAN ALSO CREATE INDEX USING THE DESIGNER.
 TO DROP THE INDEX THE SYNTAX IS
DROP INDEX TBLEMPLOYEE.IX_TBLEMPLOYEE_SALARY
TYPES OF INDEXES

CLUSTERED
NON CLUSTERED
UNIQUE
FILTERED
XML
FULL TEXT ETC.
CLUSTERED INDEX

CLUSTERED INDEX DETERMINES THE PHYSICAL


ORDER OF DATA IN A TABLE.
A TABLE CAN HAVE ONLY ONE CLUSTERED INDEX.
WHENEVER WE CREATE A TABLE HAVING SET THE
PRIMARY KEY THEN BY DEFAULT A CLUSTERED
INDEX IS CREATED.
CLUSTERED INDEX

 NOTE THAT HERE ID ARE NOT IN SEQUENTIAL ORDER

 BUT WHEN WE WRITE


SELECT * FROM TBLEMPLOYEE
OUTPUT WILL BE LIKE….

LOOK AT THE ID COLUMN IT IS IN SEQUENTIAL ORDER


CLUSTERED INDEX

CREATING A COMPOSITE CLUSTERED INDEX

NOW THE OUTPUT WILL BE


CNTD..
 BUT WHEN WE TRY TO CREATE ANOTHER CLUSTERED
INDEX IT WILL GIVE A ERROR MESSAGE BCZ THERE IS
ALREADY AN EXISTING CLUSTERED INDEX THERE.
 SO FIRST DELETE THE PREVIOUS CLUSTERED INDEX.
 BUT WHEN WE TRY TO DELETE THE PREVIOUS CLUSTERED
INDEX USING DROP STATEMENT, IT WILL SHOW AN ERROR
MESSAGE.
 TO DELETE THIS WE CAN NOW USE THE DESIGNER MODE.
NON CLUSTERED INDEX
 A NON CLUSTERED INDEX IS ANALOGOUS TO AN INDEX IN
A TEXTBOOK.
 THE DATA IS STORED IN ONE PLACE, THE INDEX IN
ANOTHER PLACE.
 THE INDEX WILL HAVE POINTERS TO THE STORAGE
LOCATION OF THE DATA.
NON CLUSTERED INDEX

HOW STORED:

N.B. IN NON CLUSTERED INDEX


INDEXES ARE STORES SEPARATELY AND IT USE POINTER TO
ACCESS THAT ADDRESS.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CLUSTERED AND NON
CLUSTERED INDEX

 ONE CLUSTER INDEX PER TABLE, NON CLUSTER CAN HAVE


MANY.
 CLUSTER INDEX IS LITTLE FASTER.
 CLUSTER INDEX DETERMINES THE STORAGE ORDER OF
ROWS IN THE TABLE, AND HENCE DOESN’T REQUIRE
ADDITIONAL DISK SPACE. BUT WHERE AS A NON
CLUSTERED INDEX IS STORED SEPARATELY FROM THE
TABLE, SO ADDITIONAL STORAGE SPACE REQUIRED.

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