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Engine-1-Week-3

The document provides an overview of marine propulsion systems, focusing on steam and diesel engines. It details the working principles, components, and functions of diesel engines, highlighting their importance in ship propulsion. Additionally, it includes assignments related to labeling engine parts and discussing their operational significance.

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Teofil Visaya
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5 views

Engine-1-Week-3

The document provides an overview of marine propulsion systems, focusing on steam and diesel engines. It details the working principles, components, and functions of diesel engines, highlighting their importance in ship propulsion. Additionally, it includes assignments related to labeling engine parts and discussing their operational significance.

Uploaded by

Teofil Visaya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENGINE 1

PROPULSION SYSTEM
 Marine propulsion is the mechanism or system used to generate thrust
to move a ship or boat across water.
 While paddles and sails are still used on some smaller boats, most
modern ships are propelled by mechanical systems consisting of an
electric motor or engine turning a propeller, or less frequently, in pump-
jets, an impeller.
 The first advanced mechanical means of marine propulsion was the
marine steam engine, introduced in the early 19th century.
 During the 20th century it was replaced by two-stroke or four-stroke
diesel engines, outboard motors, and gas turbine engines on faster
ships
TWO TYPES OF ENGINE
 1) Steam Engine
 2) Diesel Engine
STEAM ENGINE EXTERNAL
(COMBUSTION ENGINE)
is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.
The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and
forth inside a cylinder.
This pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod and flywheel, into rotational force
for work.
The term "steam engine" is generally applied only to reciprocating engines as just
described, not to the steam turbine.
DIESEL ENGINE
(INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE)
 a type of internal combustion engine which ignites fuel by injecting it into hot, high-
pressure air in a combustion chamber.
 It has neither carburetor nor ignition system.
 The fuel is injected in the form of a very fine spray, by means of a nozzle, into the
combustion chamber.
 There it is ignited by the heat of compressed air which the chamber has been charged
with.
 The diesel engine operates within a fixed sequence of events, which may be achieved
either in four or two strokes.
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF DIESEL ENGINE:
 The diesel engine gains its energy by burning fuel injected or sprayed into the
compressed, hot air charge within the cylinder.
 The air must be heated to a temperature greater than the temperature at which
the injected fuel can ignite and is obtained by compression.
 Fuel sprayed into combustion chamber (inside the liner) that has a temperature
higher than the “auto-ignition” temperature of the fuel spontaneously reacts with
the oxygen in the air and burns.
 Diesel engines are sometimes called compression-ignition engines because
initiation of combustion relies on air heated by compression rather than on an
electric spark.
 Fuel is introduced as the piston approaches the top dead center of its stroke
(stroke means movement of piston upward and downward).
 The fuel is introduced under high pressure either into a precombustion chamber
or directly into the piston-cylinder combustion chamber.
 Engine work is obtained during the power stroke (power pushes the piston
downward).
 The power stroke includes both the constant-pressure process during
combustion and the expansion of the hot products of combustion after fuel
injection ceases.
PARTS OF DIESEL ENGINE
CYLINDER HEAD COVER

- covers the upper end of the


cylinder
CYLINDER LINER
it guides the piston during its
working stroke. The cylinder liner
or sleeves, work in tandem with
piston and rings, forming the
chamber in which the thermal
energy of the combustion process
is converted into mechanical
energy, as such they form part of
the power cylinder at the center of
the engine.
CYLINDER HEAD

seals the end of the cylinder and


usually carries valves assembly
PISTON
 used to compress the air inside
the liner. The function of the
piston is to form a freely
movable, gastight closure in the
cylinder chamber.
 When combustion occurs, the
piston transmit the reciprocal
motion or power created to the
connecting rod
PISTON RINGS

To seal compression in the


combustion chamber. To transfer
heat from the piston to the wall. To
distribute and control lubrication
oil on the cylinder wall.
VALVE
The valves are located in the head
casting of the engine. The point at
which the valve seals against the
head is called the valve seat.
Most medium-sized diesels have
either intake ports or exhaust
valves or both intake and exhaust
valves.
CONNECTING ROD

used to convert the reciprocating


motion of the piston to rotary
motion of the crankshaft.
CRANKSHAFT

it used to transmit to the outside


the powered develop by the
engine
CAMSHAFT

used to actuate the valve


mechanism
CRANKCASE

used to housed and protect the


crankshaft
BEDPLATE

it serves as the reservoir of the


engine
ENGINE FRAME

practically support the whole


engine
CYLINDER BLOCK

used to support the cylinders and


head
CRANKCASE RELIEF VALVE

passage of excess pressure


inside the crankcase
FLYWHEEL

A flywheel is nothing more than a heavy


mechanical device attached to the shaft to store
surplus rotational energy.
It has a significant weight in respect to the
crankshaft assembly; and thus helps maintain
torque resisting rotational speed
ENGINE SUMP TANK

is a lube oil collection tank at the


bottom of the diesel engine, where
the system oil returns and get
collected after lubricating the
parts.
ASSIGNMENT:

1.Label the parts of diesel engine by putting arrow and description on


the drawing.

2.How important is diesel engine in the propulsion of a ship?

3.Discuss the working principle of diesel engine mentioning the


function of parts of diesel engine with regards to its operation.

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