OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students must be

able to:
1.define relation;
2.define function;
3.give the domain and range of a relation;
4.determine if a given relation is a function; and
5.construct mathematical models to represent
real-life situations using functions;
 Based
PROBLEM on your answers in Q2,
HowHow 1can muchyou computewill your sister
theQ 2 pay
amount
BasedofonHow are
your in time
answers
Qand
1 cost
in Q1, give
rental the bicycle?
ifAns:
she
ordered
Supposewould
by pairs
the bicycle
related like
to
multiplying at to
rentalin the
the
each rent
forma
other?
the bicycle
(time,
Rizal Park is worth Ᵽ20/hr. Your
number of amount).
hours
sister would like to rent a bicycle
used to the
Ans: (1,……for
for amusement.
2
31
(2, 40) (3, 60)
amount per
Ans: cost of rentalhour.
In 20), Ans: Ᵽ 60
20 hours?
hour?
in Q4
3hours
1hour
depends in 2hours
symbol, A= 40 20t theQrental
3
 Based on your answers in Q2,
PROBLEM
How can you get the amount
How How 2much about willifyou the pay timeifQisyou2 morehave
Based
chargeon tothan
your
phone answers
call
3 minutes?
Q 1 if the in Q1,
time giveis
less
Ans: ordered
than so or
the pairs
equal
additionalin to the
3 minutes?
form
cost is
Suppose you
called
want to call
your
your mother
mother
by
Ans: by
phone. The charge (time,
getting
of a payphone charge).the
call is 5
constant
the
for 3 min. number of
and an additional charge
Ans: charge time
of 2 for minus 3,
depends
amount
Ans:
every
then
additional
……for (1, charge
5),
minute
multiplied
or a
2
54
3
1(2, 5)
fraction to
of
minutes?
by phone
it. (3, 5)
2pesos. call.
In in the
Symbol, number
A= 5, of
if and oly if
In Symbol,
minutes (4,A=minute?
7) 5 Q+(5, 9)
4 2(x-3), if
Ans:
Ans:
Ans: ⱣⱣ
Ans: ⱣⱣ5 9 inin 3minutes
75in5in4minutes5minutes
1minute
2minutes Q 3
and oly if
How are time and charge
related to each other?
Ans: charge depends
in the number of
minutes
 WHAT’S IN?
In the real world or real-life
settings, there are many situations
that involve input-output relations.
In this activity, determine which
the input is and which the output
is, in the given situation.
 WHAT’S IN?
Situations Input Output
Mandy computes the
total sales in his t-shirt
business. The price of
every t-shirt is P120.
He was able to sell n t-
Number Amount/
shirts. of sell T- total sales
Mathematical model: shirt of sell T-
S = 120n
shirt
 REPRESENTATION OF
RELATIONS AND
FUNCTIONS

Lemery Senior High School

August 23, 2022
 WHAT IS IT?
A relation is a set of ordered pairs. The domain
of the relation is the set of all the x-coordinates
or the set of the first elements in the set of
ordered pairs. The range of the relation is the
set of all the y-coordinates or the set of the
second elements in the set of ordered pairs.
 WHAT IS IT?
Examples of Relation:
Ordered Pairs (x,y):
A = { (1,2) , (2,3) , (3,4) , (4,5) } (Relation A)
B = { (3,6) , (3,5) , (4,9) , (7,10) } (Relation B)
C = { (-8,4) , (-3,2) , (6,-9) , (-6,11) } (Relation C)
N = { (6,1) , (7,4) , (8,1) , (9,1) , (10,4) } (Relation N)
P(x) = { (1,5) , (2,6) , (5,3) , (6,4) , (2,6) } (Relation P(x))
Ordered Pairs (x,
y):
Relation A
(1, 2),(2, 3),(3, 4),(4, 5)
Domain of Relation A: { 1, 2, 3, 4}
Relation B
(3, 6),(3, 5),(4, 9),(7,
Domain of Relation A: { 3, 4, 7}10)
Ordered Pairs (x,
y):
Relation C (-8, (-3, (6, - (-6,
Domain4), 2), C:9),
of Relation { -8, -3,11)
6, -6}
Relation N(6, 1),(7, 4),(8, 1),(9, 1),
(10,
Domain of Relation N: { 6, 7, 8, 9,4)
10}
Relation (1, 5),(2, 6),(5, 3),(6, 4),
(2, 6)
P(x)
Domain of Relation P(x): { 1, 2, 5, 6}
Ordered Pairs (x,
y):
Relation A
(1, 2),(2, 3),(3, 4),(4, 5)
Range of Relation A: { 2, 3, 4, 5}
Relation B
(3, 6),(3, 5),(4, 9),(7,
10)
Range of Relation A: { 5, 6, 9, 10}
Ordered Pairs (x,
y):
Relation C (-8, (-3, (6, - (-6,
Range4), 2), C: {9),
of Relation 11)
-9, 2, 4, 11}
Relation N(6, 1),(7, 4),(8, 1),(9, 1), (10,
Range of Relation N: { 1, 4} 4)
Relation (1, 5),(2, 6),(5, 3),(6, 4), (2, 6)
P(x)
Range of Relation P(x): { 3, 4, 5, 6}
 WHAT IS IT?
Function is a relation in which each element of the
domain is paired with exactly one element in the range.
This means that the x-value cannot be repeated in two or
more distinct points. “Distinct points” means two
different points in the Cartesian plane. Say (3,4) and (3,6)
are two distinct points because they refer to two different
points in the Cartesian plane. While (3,2) and (3,2) refer to
exactly the same point in the Cartesian coordinate plane,
so they are not two distinct points.
 ACTIVITY
Directions: Write the domain and range of the following
relations. Tell whether the relation is a Function or NOT
Function.

1. M = { (2,3) , (4,4) , (5,6) }

2. P = { (6,1) , (6,2) , (6,3) , (7,1) , (8,4) }
3. R = { (-3,5) , (-7,4) , (-8,3) , (7,6) , (9,11) }
4. F(x) = { (-5,7) , (4,4) , (-6,1) , (8,1) , (9,4) , (8,1) }
5. S(n) = { (6,-7) , (7,-7) , (8,3) , (7,3) , (6,-7) }
Function As A Machine WHAT IS IT?
A function is like a machine. It processes the input
and gives an output.
Input

FUNCTION MACHINE

Output
For example, let us consider the
function given by the equation f(x) =
6x – 7 .

If we have the input, say x = 3, and

plug it in the function f(x), what will be
the output?
PROBLEM 1
When x = 4, and y = 10 which of the
following functions will best fit in the
function machine? [Hint: Use x as input to

a) f(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 2
get the output, y]

b) f(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 3
c) f(𝑥) = 3𝑥 – 2
2
Piece-wise Defined Function
Sometimes, a function requires more
than one formula in order to obtain the
given output. This function is called piece-
wise function. It is a function in which
more than one formula is used to define
the output over different pieces of the
domain (or values of x).
Example:
 WHAT’S MORE?
Constructing Mathematical Models to
Represent Real-life Situations
1. A group of people rent a bus for a day for
their trip to Fantasy World, Lemery. The total
cost of the rent of bus which is P5,000 is shared
equally among the passengers. Construct a
mathematical model to represent the situation
using function.
Solution:
Let n = the number of passengers.
C = the cost for each passenger (in pesos).

Number of passengers (n) is the input

Cost for each passenger (C) is the output

The cost for each passenger is P5,000 divided by the

number of passengers n.
In symbol, C =
 WHAT’S MORE?
Constructing Mathematical Models to
Represent Real-life Situations
2. Juan, a STEM student in Lemery Senior High
School, was given by his father a coin bank with
a 500-peso bill already inside. Upon receiving
the coin bank, Juan decided to put in 20 pesos
daily. Construct a mathematical model of the
situation using function.
Solution:
Let d = the number of days.
P = the total amount of money in the coin bank (in pesos).

The number of days (d) is the input

The total amount of money in the coin bank (P) is the output.

The total amount of money in the coin bank is P500 plus the
product of 20 pesos and the number of days, since initially,
there was already 500 pesos in the coin bank.

In symbol, P = 500 + 20d

 WHAT’S MORE?
Constructing Mathematical Models to
Represent Real-life Situations
3. In Ligpo Island, a boat ride costs P500.00
intended for 12 passengers only. Additional
passengers are charged P50.00 per head. Using
a piece-wise function, construct a mathematical
model to represent the boat ride fare.
Solution:
Let x = the number of passengers.
F(x) = the cost of the boat ride (in pesos).

The number of passengers (x) is the input

The cost of the boat ride (F(x)) is the output.
The situation can be represented by piece-wise
function.
 TASKS!!!
Go to our google classroom and
answer the following activities:

What I can Do?

What I have Learned?

Assessment