PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT IN

WRITING ACROSS DISCIPLINES

+ Narration + Comparison &
+ Description Contrast
+ Definition + Cause and
Effect
+
Exemplification + Problem-
/ Solution Essay
+ Persuasion
Classification
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Reading and
Writing Skills
Week 3
Properties of
a Well-
Written text

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PROPERTIES OF A WELL-
WRITTEN TEXT
+ Organization
+ Coherence and Cohesion
+ Language Use
+ Mechanics

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After going through this lesson, you are
expected to:
1. determine the beginning, middle, and end of the story
read;
2. write the episodes of your life from childhood to young
adulthood using a graphic organizer;
3. organize ideas using proper transitional devices;
4. construct a coherent and cohesive paragraph;
5. determine the essence of proper language use in written
texts;
6. evaluate a written text based on the appropriateness of
language use;
7. utilize writing prowess through practice skills in grammar;
and
8. use proper mechanics in writing such as spelling,
punctuation, capitalization, and paragraph development. 5
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 Read and analyze each event to determine which comes first,
next and last.
When the four children learned about the bad news
that their father was diagnosed of a lung cancer,
they at once decided to pay their father a visit
by sleeping overnight under the same roof.
The widowed father of the Bonifacio family, Manuel, was
diagnosed with lung cancer by the family physician.
What saddened Manuel was the doctor’s prediction
that he had only about two months or roughly “seven
weeks”
After to live. with his nephew Jun (because no one
his birthday
among his children showed up), Tatay Manuel
received a call from the family doctor telling him of
the good news – that he was not terminally ill.

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 Lesson 1
Organization
 A well-organized piece of
writing is not only clear but also
logical and aesthetic. Existence
of organizational markers and
coherent flow of ideas are
typically focused in evaluation of
writing (Dayagbil 2016, 63-64).

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 In writing a story or an
essay, it is necessary to identify
the sequence of events from the
beginning to the end because a
strong organization comprises
proper paragraphing and
logical order of presentation of
ideas.
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 Text organization is the
way a text is organized that
helps guide the reader logically
through it.
This property makes a text
readable and its message clear.

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 Organization can be
achieved through the following
techniques:
1. Physical Format
2. Signal Words
3. Structure

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Physical Format
The format is an aspect of the
organization that is immediately
apparent to the reader.
It is seen in how the text
physically appears like headings
and subheadings, bullet points
or font emphasis.

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Signal Words
Signal words are textual cues that
readers can use to follow a text. They can
“signal” the transition from one point to
another, the ordering of events and
concepts, or the writer’s chosen text type
(e.g., linear narration, question and
answer).

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Structure
The structure provides the
framework upon which the text is organized.

It consists of the following:

Beginning: introduction, thesis statement,

hook
Middle: supporting details
End: conclusion, summary, final message
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 Performance Task #6

Using a graphic organizer, write an episode of

your life by providing events beginning from
childhood to young adulthood. Provide a catchy
title for your story.
Write a three-to-five paragraph essay about the
episodes of your life, using the events that you
recorded beginning from childhood to young
adulthood.

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Be guided by the following criteria.

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Let’s try!
I had the most beautiful
experience when I went to the
zoo.
I saw different kinds of birds.
But it was my first time to see a
carabao flying.
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 Lesson 2
Coherence and
cohesion
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COHERENCE
 refers to the force or action that
brings elements together and keeps
them united within a particular
system or structure.

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 COHESIO
CE N

A text will be cohesive if cohesive ties are used.

However, it will only be coherent if the cohesive
ties are used appropriately to create meaning.
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Coherence refers to the overall sense of unity and logical flow
in a text. It is about how well the ideas and content are
connected and make sense to the reader.
Focus: Coherence is concerned with the meaning and the
logical arrangement of ideas. It ensures that the text is
easy to follow and understand.
Examples:
Logical progression of ideas: Each sentence and paragraph
should follow logically from the previous one.
Consistency: The text should maintain a consistent theme or
argument throughout.
Clarity: The ideas should be clearly expressed and easy to
comprehend.

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Cohesion refers to the grammatical and lexical linking within
a text or sentence that holds it together. It is about the
surface features of the text that help to connect different
parts.
Focus: Cohesion is concerned with the linguistic devices
used to link sentences and paragraphs, such as
pronouns, conjunctions, and transitional phrases.
Examples:
Pronouns: Using pronouns to refer back to previously
mentioned nouns (e.g., "John said he was tired").
Conjunctions: Words like "and," "but," "because" that link
clauses and sentences.
Lexical cohesion: Repeating key words or using synonyms to
maintain thematic continuity (e.g., "The cat sat on the mat.
The mat was soft.").
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Let’s try!
I had the most beautiful
experience when I went to the
zoo because
I saw different kinds of birds.
However, it was myBUT
Verdict: COHESIVE first
NOTtime to
see an eagle flying.
COHERENT

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Here is a chart of the transitional devices
accompanied with a simplified definition or function.

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Use an appropriate subordinating
conjunction to link the ideas.
For items 1-3, combine each pair of sentences
by changing one sentence to a subordinate
clause.
Sample: I got tired. It was so late.
Answer: I got tired because it was
so late.

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1. I was studying my lesson. I
heard a loud crash in the next
room.
2. I pulled the blankets on my bed.
I was afraid.
3. I finally got up from where I was
sitting. I heard the cat’s meow.
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For items 4-5, continue the story by
completing the sentences.

4. I went to get a broom so that

_________________________________.
5. I did not get very much sleep
that night because
__________________.
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Combine the sentences in each set into two clear sentences. Add a
transitional word or phrase to the second to show how it relates to the first.

 Retirement should be the reward for a lifetime of

work.
 It is widely viewed as a sort of punishment.
 It is a punishment for growing old.

Retirement should be the reward for a

lifetime of work. However, it is widely
viewed as a sort of punishment for growing
old.
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Now, it’s your turn!
 There are differences in English
performance between boys and
girls.
 These differences cannot be
attributed simply to differences in
innate ability.
 If one were to ask the children
themselves, they would probably
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 PERFORMANCE TASK
#7
On a draft paper, jot down all your ideas about the
word happiness. Decide how to organize them by
observing coherence and cohesion in writing your
paragraph. Then, review the draft and check on
your use of cohesive ties before writing your
second drafts. (same as the piece of paper given
to you)

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 “
Enjoy studying and
answering!
God Bless..
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