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Introduction to CSS

CSS, or Cascading Style Sheets, is used to define the presentation of HTML elements across various media and devices, allowing for efficient styling of multiple web pages through external stylesheets. It consists of rules made up of selectors and declaration blocks, with various types of selectors available to target specific HTML elements. CSS can be applied inline, internally within a <style> tag, or externally via linked CSS files, providing flexibility in how styles are managed and applied.

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Anees Ahmed
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2 views

Introduction to CSS

CSS, or Cascading Style Sheets, is used to define the presentation of HTML elements across various media and devices, allowing for efficient styling of multiple web pages through external stylesheets. It consists of rules made up of selectors and declaration blocks, with various types of selectors available to target specific HTML elements. CSS can be applied inline, internally within a <style> tag, or externally via linked CSS files, providing flexibility in how styles are managed and applied.

Uploaded by

Anees Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to CSS

(cascading style
sheet)
 CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets
 CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen,
paper, or in other media
 CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web
pages all at once
 External stylesheets are stored in CSS files

Why we Use CSS?


 define styles for your web pages, including the design, layout and
variations in display for different devices and screen sizes
 The style definitions are normally saved in external .css files.
 With an external stylesheet file, you can change the look of an entire
website by changing just one file!
CSS Syntax
 A CSS rule consists of a selector and a declaration block.

 The selector points to the HTML element you want to style.


 The declaration block contains one or more declarations separated by
semicolons.
 Each declaration includes a CSS property name and a value,
separated by a colon.
 Multiple CSS declarations are separated with semicolons, and
declaration blocks are surrounded by curly braces.
CSS Selector
 A CSS selector selects the HTML element(s) you want to style.
 CSS selectors are used to "find" (or select) the HTML elements you
want to style.
 We can divide CSS selectors into five categories:
 Simple selectors (select elements based on name, id, class)
 Combinator selectors (select elements based on a specific
relationship between them)
 Pseudo-class selectors (select elements based on a certain state)
 Pseudo-elements selectors (select and style a part of an element)
 Attribute selectors (select elements based on an attribute or attribute
value)
The CSS element Selector
 The element selector selects HTML elements based on the element
name. p {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}

The CSS Class Selector


 The class selector selects HTML elements with a specific class
attribute.
 To select elements with a specific class, write a period (.) character,
followed by the class name.

.center {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
 You can also specify that only specific HTML elements should be
affected by a class.
p.center {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}

The Universal Selector


 The universal selector (*) selects all HTML elements on the page.
 affect every HTML element on the page

* {
text-align: center;
color: blue;
}
The CSS Grouping Selector
 selects all the HTML elements with the same style definitions
 Better to group the selectors, to minimize the code.
 Separate each selector with a comma.
Ungrouped Grouped
h1 { h1, h2, p {
text-align: center; text-
color: red; align: center;
} color: red;
}
h2 {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}

p{
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
Inline CSS
Add CSS directly to the tag within your HTML file. This method is generally
not recommended for large projects since it makes the code harder to
maintain.
Add CSS directly to the <nav style="background-color: #333; color: white;
padding: 10px;">
<!-- Navbar content here -->
</nav>

Internal CSS
Place the CSS code in the <style> tag within the <head> section of your HTML
file. This method is useful if you only need the CSS on a single page.

<style>
nav { background-color: #333; color: white; padding: 10px; }
nav a { color: white; margin: 0 10px; text-decoration: none; }
nav a:hover { color: #ddd; }
</style>
External CSS
 Create an external CSS file (e.g., styles.css).
 Link the CSS file in your HTML file within the <head> section.

nav {
background-color: #333;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
}
nav a {
color: white;
margin: 0 10px;
text-decoration: none;
}
nav a:hover {
color: #ddd;
}
CSS example for <p> tag
p{
color: red;
text-align: center;
}

 p is a selector in CSS (it points to the HTML element you want to


style: <p>).
 color is a property, and red is the property value
 text-align is a property, and center is the property value

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