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Water Storage, Pumping & Distribution

The document outlines the importance of water storage for emergencies, cost reduction, and improved system efficiency. It describes various types of water storage, including reservoirs and tanks, as well as the role of water pumps in irrigation and water distribution. Additionally, it details different types of pumps, such as centrifugal, hydram, and submersible pumps, highlighting their functions and advantages.

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Billy
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14 views24 pages

Water Storage, Pumping & Distribution

The document outlines the importance of water storage for emergencies, cost reduction, and improved system efficiency. It describes various types of water storage, including reservoirs and tanks, as well as the role of water pumps in irrigation and water distribution. Additionally, it details different types of pumps, such as centrifugal, hydram, and submersible pumps, highlighting their functions and advantages.

Uploaded by

Billy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WATER STORAGE

MOD IIII
NEED FOR WATER STORAGE
• Reserve supply to meet demand of Emergencies
such as firefighting and power failures
• Distribute and store water in advance of need
• Equalize distribution, transmission, treatment works
and supply
• Improve and stabilize system flows and pressure to
better serve consumers throughout the service area
NEED FOR WATER STORAGE

• Reduce costs. Small pumps will be


required
• Reservoirs acts as sand trap. Allows sand
to settle down
• Chlorinated water is given time for
effective disinfection
TYPES OF STORAGES
• Rains produce plenty of clean water
running off roads, roofs, and rocks.
This rainwater can be stored for the
dry seasons when it is needed most.
There are three types of storage,
namely:
1) Storage in reservoirs, such as earth
dams and ponds.
WATER TANKS
WATER TANKS
UNDERGROUND WATER
TANKS
STORAGE CONTAINERS
STORAGE OF WATER IN SAND
PONDS
WATER PUMPS
• Water pumps are machines for moving water, they play a
fundamental part in agriculture as they move water from
its source to the fields and crops.
• Water pumps can be used with many forms of irrigation,
such as drip, sprinklers or with a hose.
• There is a wide range of water pumps available. From
simple manually operated pumps to those powered by
fossil fuels or electricity, such as solar energy.
TYPES OF PUMPS
1. Centrifugal pump

•It comprises of a rotating element called "the impeller


"which transforms mechanical energy to hydraulic
energy.
The impeller is enclosed in a housing/casing on which
suction and delivery pipes are connected.
•The impeller unit is connected to the prime mover
directly by use of shaft driven by use of a pulley and belt
arrangement
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
CONTINUATION
•Centrifugal pumps are the most commonly used
pumps favorite application
•They have the advantage of being able to deliver
liquids with suspended solids e.g. able to pump
the materials in the septic tank mostly used in the
water supply system, irrigation, sewage and
drainage system
• Operation of a Centrifugal Pump
Before the pumps starts working it is
necessary the delivery be filled with
water this is refer to as priming
When the impeller starts rotating within
the casing it creates a reduction in
pressure at the center of the impeller
unit (eye) which causes the water in the
suction pipe to rush to the eye
• Upon entering the eye of the impeller the water
is trapped between the vanes of the impeller.
• The rapid rotation of the impeller units sets up a
radial component of motion to the volume of the
fluid trapped in the passages of vanes/blades
therefore the fluid is forced outwards onto the
outer parts of the casing and out to the delivery
pipe.
• As the impeller rotates continuously more
water is replenished from the inlet
2. Hydram Pump
• In principle, the hydram pump is an impulse pump
• Water flows through an inclined pipe at much speed into the valve box and
out though the waste (escape) but has it speed increases waste valve shut
abruptly.
• These causes sudden increase in pressure which forces water through the
discharge valve into the air vessel compressing the air in it.
• The compressed air quickly springs back closing the delivery valve and
forcing up water through the delivery pipe.
• The waste valve re-opens as its weighted bottom is pulled down by gravity
and water gain sprays out. The cycle starts again.
SUBMERSIBLE
• A submersible PUMP
pump, also called an electric
submersible pump, is a pump that can be fully
submerged in water. The motor is sealed and
close-coupled to the body of the pump.
• A submersible pump pushes water to the surface
by converting rotary energy into kinetic energy
into pressure energy.
• This is done by the water being pulled into the
pump: first in the intake, where the rotation of
the impeller pushes the water through the
• The major advantage to a submersible pump is
that it never has to be primed, because it is
already submerged in the fluid.
• Submersible pumps are also very efficient
because they don’t really have to spend a lot
of energy moving water into the pump.
• Water pressure pushes the water into a
submersible pump, thus “saving” a lot of the
pump’s energy.
• Submersible pumps are quiet, because they
are under water, and cavitation is never an
• There are a few disadvantages with
submersible pumps, and two have to do
with the seal. The seals can become
corroded with time.
• When that happens, water seeps into the
motor, rendering it useless until it is
repaired.
• Also, that seal makes the submersible
pump a bit difficult to get into for repairs.

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