Identify Machine And Robot

What is a Robot ??

I-HUB Foundation For Cobotics

Robotics and Robot
Definition: Robotics
The branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation and application
of robots. The objective of the robotics field is to create intelligent machines that can assist
humans in a variety of ways. A robot is normally designed to assist a human worker.
Definition: Robots
Robot is a formally defined by the international standard of organization ISO as a
reprogrammable multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools or
specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of variety of
tasks.
They are reprogrammable and multifunctional.
Origin of Word ‘robota’
Meaning: Forced or Compulsory Labor
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 Introduction
Robotics
QUESTION PAPER DISCUSSION

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1. The humanoid robot to get first citizenship is
a) SOPHIA
b) CHITTI
c)AIBO
d)ASIMO
1. The humanoid robot to get first
citizenship is
a) SOPHIA
b) CHITTI
c)AIBO
d)ASIMO
2. Robots helps humans from the Dull, Dirty,
and Dear Jobs

Answer - DANGEROUS
3. Which of the following are Subsystem
the subsystems of a robotic
system
a) Motion Subsystem
b) Recognition Subsystem
c) Control Subsystem
d) All of the above

Subsystem

Subsystem
 Control Subsystem
3. Which of the following
are the subsystems of a
robotic system
a) Motion Subsystem
b) Recognition Subsystem
c) Control Subsystem
d) All of the above
Motion Subsystem

Recognition Subsystem
4. Write an instruction to turn OFF the LED
connected to pin 3. _.

1)digitalwrite(3,LOW);
2) digitalWrite(3,LOW)
3) digitalWrite(3,ON);
4) digitalWrite(3,LOW);
5) DigitalWrite(3,LOW);
4. Write an instruction to turn OFF the LED
connected to pin 3. _.

1)digitalwrite(3,LOW);
2) digitalWrite(3,LOW)
3) digitalWrite(3,ON);
4) digitalWrite(3,LOW);
5) DigitalWrite(3,LOW);
5. Binary equivalent of 6 is _

Answer
Practice question-

Binary equivalent of 10 is _
Binary equivalent of 10 is

Answer
6. Write an instruction to ON the display connected to
pin 13. _

1)digitalWrite(13,ON);
2) digitalwrite(13,HIGH);
3) digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
4) DigitalWrite(13,HIGH);
5) DigitalWrite(13,ON);
6. Write an instruction to ON the display connected to
pin 13. _

Answer -

1)digitalWrite(13,ON);
2) digitalwrite(13,HIGH);
3) digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
4) DigitalWrite(13,HIGH);
5) DigitalWrite(13,ON);
7. In Arduino boards, the Analog pins marked from
A0 to A5 are used as _.

a) Ground
b) Input
c) Output
d) Power
7. In Arduino boards, the Analog pins marked from
A0 to A5 are used as _.

a) Ground
b) Input
c) Output
d) Power

INPUT PINS
8.State whether following statement is true/false
Statement: Sensors are output devices.

Answer - FALSE - Because ?

9.State whether following statement is true/false

Statement: Drone is an aerial robot.

Answer - TRUE - Because ?

8.State whether following statement is true/false
Statement: Sensors are output devices.

Answer - FALSE - Because Sensors provides

information from its environment. This information is
used to guide the robot's movements and decisions.

9.State whether following statement is true/false

Statement: Drone is an aerial robot.

Answer - TRUE - Because Robots that fly in aerial

space called as aerial robots.
10. Milk Processing Industry is an example of
_ system.

1) Robotics
2) Automation
3) Industrial automation
4) Controller system
10. Milk Processing Industry is an example of
_ system.

1) Robotics
2) Automation
3) Industrial automation
4) Controller system
11. State the laws of robotics.

There are _ Laws of robotics

Laws of Robotics:

In 1941 and 1942, Isaac Asimov formulated the Three Laws of Robotics, and in the process
coined the word "robotics".
1.A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to
harm.
2. A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings unless that is in conflict with the
first
law.
3.A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the
First or Second Law.

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12. Draw the block diagram of automation system
and explain each subsystem with an example.

There are main blocks for automation system.

1)

2)

3)
Answer

Sensors are electronic

The control components that
subsystem is a Actuators is the physical
allow electronic
device or a set of devices to interact structure of the robot that
devices to manage, with the world. Once carries out desired
command, direct the sensors have motion.
or regulate the been read, the device
behavior of the has the information e.g. pneumatic actuators,
needed to decide Hydraulic actuators,
process.
how to respond.
13. Define an actuator. List the actuators used in
robotics.

1) Definition- ?

1) Types- ?

1) Actuators you know or you have used ?

13. Define an actuator. List the actuators used in
robotics.

1) Definition- Actuator: The motion to the

manipulator, end-effectors and links are provided
by the actuators.

1) Types- They are classified based on their principle

of operation such as -
1)Pneumatic
2)Hydraulic
3)Electric
The actuators you know or you have used

Answer -
1) Hydraulic motors.
2) Pneumatic Control Valve.
3) DC Motor.
4) Servo Motors.
14. Identify the errors
in the following
program.
void setup()
{
pinMode(13,OUTPUT
);
}
Void Loop()
digitalWrite(13,high);
delay(1000);
digitalwrite(13,LOW);
delay(1000)
}
Answer-

void setup()
{
pinMode(13,OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(13,LOW);
delay(1000);
}
15. Write a flowchart and Arduino program to glow
an LED on detection of motion of a body using
Tinker cad.

1)Components required ?
2)Flowchart ?
3)Tinkercad Simulation?
4)Code?
15. Write a flowchart and Arduino program to glow
an LED on detection of motion of a body using
Tinker cad.

Components required - LED, PIR sensor, Arduino

Uno, Breadboard,Connecting wires, Battery(9v).
2)Flowchart ?
 FLOWCHART
Start

Collect Information
from PIR Sensor

YES
If PIR = 1?

Turn On LED
NO

End
3)Tinkercad Simulation?
3)Code?

a) Declaration
b) Setup
c) loop - if else statement.

Answer -

a) Declaration
int PIRSensor = 2;
int LED = 13;
b) Setup -

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Serial Working");
pinMode(PIRSensor, INPUT);
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
}
c) loop - if else statement.
void loop()

int sensorStatus = digitalRead(PIRSensor);

if (sensorStatus == 1)

digitalWrite(LED, LOW);

Serial.println("Motion Ended!");
}

else

digitalWrite(LED,
HIGH);

Serial.println("Motion
Detected!");
16. Integrate subsystem to implement AND operation
and verify the truth table.

1) What is AND gate? - Truth table ?

2) components Required ?
3) Flowchart
4) Hardware Simulation.
5) Code
1) What is AND gate? - Truth table ?
2) components Required ? -

1) 2 Push buttons (WHY 2?)

2) LED (1 or 2 ? and WHY)
3) Resistors (1 or 2 or 3? and WHY)
4) Arduino Uno
5) Bread board
6) connecting wires.
7)Power supply.(Do we need battery when
assembly is connected to laptop?)
2) components Required ? -

1)2 Push buttons (Because we are using AND gate

for 2 inputs)
2) LED (Because 1 LED is enough to get output)
3)Resistors (3 resistors 1 for each push button 1
for LED)
4) Arduino Uno
5) Bread board
6) connecting wires.
7) Power supply.(NO)
 FLOWCHART

Start

YES If button1
&& button 2
is HIGH ?

Turn On LED
NO

End
4) Hardware Simulation.
5) Code.

1)Declaration
2)Setup
3)Loop if else statement
Answer -

1)Declaration

int buttonPin1 = 2;
int buttonPin2 =
3; int LEDred = 8;
int buttonStatus1 = 0;
int buttonStatus2 =
0;
2) Setup

void setup()
{ pinMode(LEDred,
OUTPUT);
pinMode(buttonPin1, INPUT);
pinMode(buttonPin2,
INPUT);
}
1) Loop if else
statement
void loop(){
buttonStatus1 = digitalRead(buttonPin1);
buttonStatus2 =
digitalRead(buttonPin2);
if (buttonStatus1 == HIGH &&
buttonStatus2 == HIGH )
{
digitalWrite(LEDred, HIGH);
}
else {
digitalWrite(LEDred, LOW);
}
}
 Characteristics of robotics
1. Sense perception -
The human sensory system is broken down into vision, hearing, touch, smell and taste all of
which have been or are being implemented into robotic technology.
2. Power-
Robots require an energy source, and there are many factors that go into deciding which form of
power provides the most freedom and capability for a robotic body.
3. Dexterity-
Dexterity refers to the functionality of limbs, appendages and extremities, as well as the general
range of motor skill and physical capability of a body. In robotics, dexterity is maximized where there
is a balance between sophisticated hardware and high-level programming that incorporates
environmental sensing capability.
4. Intelligence -
Innovations in the realms of computation and data mining enable the development of artificially
intelligent systems
5. Independence - Intelligence, sense, dexterity and power all converge to enable independence
 Benefits of robotics

Four D’s of robotics :

Four D’s of Robotics are

∙ Dull
∙ Dirty
∙ Dangerous
∙ Dear

Robots Helps Humans from the Dull, Dirty, Dangerous and Dear Jobs

I-HUB Foundation For Cobotics

Types of Robot :

A u t o m a t i c Guided
Industrial Vehicles(AGVs)

Robot
Non-industrial o r Wa l k i n g R o b o t s
Special-Purpose

P a r a l l e l Robots

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Applications of Robotics :

Robotic M a n i p u l a t o r

W h e e l e d Mobile
Robotics Robot A e r i a l

Bioinspired

Unde r w a t e r

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Robotic Subsystems: Robotic Systems

Motion Recognitio Control

Subsyste n Subsyste
m Subsystem m
control subsystem is a device
Motion subsystem Recognition subsystem
or a set of devices to manage,
is the physical uses various sensors to
command, direct or regulate
structure of the gather information about the
the behavior of the process.
robot that carries robot itself and about the
The control subsystem
out desired motion environment. Based on
influences the robot’s motion
similar to human sensor data, it recognizes the
to achieve a given task using
arms. robot’s state, the objects and
the information provided by
the environment.
the recognition subsystem
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 Thank you
for your kind
attention

I-HUB Foundation For Cobotics