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Week 1 IP Addressing Lecture

The document provides an overview of computer networks, including types such as PAN, LAN, MAN, and WAN, and discusses the importance of IP addressing. It explains the structure of IP addresses, their classes, and their functions in network identification and location addressing. Additionally, it includes practice problems for identifying the class, mask, network ID, and host ID of various IP addresses.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

13 views47 pages

Week 1 IP Addressing Lecture

Uploaded by

Smith Vicente

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Introduction

• Who today has not used a computer network?

• Mass transit, interstate highways, 24-hour bankers, grocery
stores, cable television, smartphones, businesses and
schools, and retail outlets support some form of computer
network
The Language of Computer Networks
• Computer network – an interconnection of computers and
computing equipment using either wires or radio waves over
small or large geographic areas
• Wireless computer networks – networks that rely on different
kinds of low energy radiation
• PAN: Personal Area Network – a network of a few meters,
between wireless devices such as PDAs, laptops, and similar
devices
• LAN: Local Area Network – networks that are small in
geographic size spanning a room, floor, building, or campus
The Language of Computer Networks
• CAN: Campus Area Network – a network that spans multiple
buildings on a business or school campus
• MAN: Metropolitan Area Network – networks that serve an
area of 1 to 30 miles, approximately the size of a typical city
• WAN: Wide Area Network – a large network that
encompasses parts of states, multiple states, countries, and
the world
The Language of Computer Networks
• Data communications and protocols – the transfer of digital or
analog data using digital or analog signals following
predefined standards
• Network management – the design, installation, and support
of a network, including its hardware and software
• Cloud computing – service provided over the Internet instead
of provided by an underlying hardware
The Big Picture of Networks
Networks are composed of many devices, including:
– Workstations (computers, tablets, smartphones, etc.)
– Servers
– PANs
– Network switches
– Routers (LAN to WAN and WAN to WAN)
– Network nodes and subnetworks
The Big Picture of Networks
Common Examples of Communications
Networks
• The desktop computer and the Internet
• A laptop computer and a wireless connection
• Cellular networks
• Sensor networks
• Business mainframe networks
• Satellite networks
• Cloud networks
Common Examples of Communications
Networks
IP ADDRESSING
Basics
What is an IP address?
An IP Address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to
a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for
communication.
IP Addresses
An IP Address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to
a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for
communication.

An IP address serves two main functions: host or network interface

identification and location addressing.
Typical IPv4 Address

192.168.3.34
Typical IPv4 Address

192.168.3.34
11000000.10101000.00000011.00100010
Typical IPv4 Address

11000000.10101000.00000011.00100010

IP Address contains 32 bits

Typical IPv4 Address

11000000.10101000.00000011.00100010

IP Address contains 32 bits.

IP Address has 4 octets.
Typical IPv4 Address

11000000.10101000.00000011.00100010

IP Address contains 32 bits.

IP Address has 4 octets.
Each octet contains 8 bits.
Class of IP Addresses
There are 5 classes of IP Addresses.

Class Range Mask #Networks Hosts/Network

CLASS A 1 – 127 255.0.0.0 126
16,777,214
CLASS B 128 – 191 255.255.0.0 16,382 65,534
CLASS C 192 – 223 255.255.255.0 2,097,150 254
CLASS D 224-239 Multicasting
CLASS E 240 -254 Experimental
Special IP Addresses
Class A Private range: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
Loopback- Assigned to computer’s Nic Card: 127.0.0.1
APIPA- Automatic Private IP Address: 169.254.x.x
Private Class B range: 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Private Class C range: 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Class of IP Addresses
There are 5 classes of IP Addresses- A, B, C, D and E.
Only A-C are used for host addresses. The Mask separates the network portion of the
IP address from the host portion.

Class Range Mask Syntax

CLASS A 1 – 126 255.0.0.0 N.H.H.H
CLASS B 128 – 191 255.255.0.0 N.N.H.H
CLASS C 192 – 223 255.255.255.0 N.N.N.H
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
What class of IP is this?
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
What class of IP is this? Class A (0 – 126)
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
What is the default mask?
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
What is the default mask? 255.0.0.0
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
What is the network portion of the IP Address?
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
What is the network portion of the IP Address? 10.0.0.0 (N.H.H.H)
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
What is the host portion of the IP Address?
Example: 10.34.44.56
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

10.34.44.56
What is the host portion of the IP Address? 0.34.44.56 (N.H.H.H)
Example 2: 137.154.60.70
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

137.154.60.70
Example 2: 137.154.60.70
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

137.154.60.70

What class of IP is this?

Example 2: 137.154.60.70
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

137.154.60.70

What class of IP is this? Class B (128 -191)

Example 2: 137.154.60.70
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

137.154.60.70
What is the default mask?
Example 2: 137.154.60.70
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

137.154.60.70

What is the default mask? 255.255.0.0

Example 2: 137.154.60.70
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

137.154.60.70

What is the network portion of the IP Address?

Example 2: 137.154.60.70
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

137.154.60.70

What is the network portion of the IP Address? 137.154.0.0 (N.N.H.H)

Example 2: 137.154.60.70
The 1st Octet determines the class of the IP address:

137.154.60.70