Component Identification:

Analog

PLTW Engineering

Digital Electronics
Activity 1.1.4 Analog Component Identification

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 Component Identification
Presentation overview:
Introduce common components used in
electronics
Define a resistor and present various resistor
types and package styles
Demonstrate how to read a resistor’s nominal
value and how to measure its actual value with
a Digital Multi-Meter (DMM)
Define a capacitor and present various
capacitor types and package styles
Demonstrate how to read a capacitor’s
nominal value

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 Resistor
A resistor is an electronic component that resists
the flow of electrical current
A resistor is typically used to control the amount
of current that is flowing in a circuit
Resistance is measured in units of ohms (Ω) and
named after George Ohm, whose law (Ohm’s
Law) defines the fundamental relationship
between voltage, current, and resistance

Schematic Symbol Physical Component

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 Resistor Types and Package Styles
Carbon Film Resistor with 4 Variable Resistor
Bands (Potentiometer)

Carbon Film Resistor with 5 Surface Mount Resistor

Bands

5 Bands

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 Resistor Size Comparison

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 Determining Resistor Value
Color Code Measured Value
Resistors are labeled A Digital Multimeter
with color bands that DMM can be used to
specify the resistor measure the resistor
nominal value actual value
The nominal value is
the resistor face
value

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 Resistor Value as a Color Code

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 Resistor Value Example 1
Determine the nominal
value for the resistor
shown

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 Resistor Value Example 1 Solution
Determine the nominal
value for the resistor
shown
Show the value of
each color band in
order
Band 1 (brown) = 1
Band 2 (blue) = 0
Band 3 (red) = x100
Tolerance (yellow) =
5%
Combined = 10
x100Ω
Combined = 1000Ω
9
Combined = 1kΩ Copyright 2021. Project Lead The Way, Inc.
5%
 Resistor Value Example 2
Determine the nominal
value for the resistor
shown

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 Resistor Value Example 2 Solution
Determine the nominal
value for the resistor
shown
Show the value of
each color band in
order
Band 1 = 3
Band 2 = 9
Band 3 = x100k
Tolerance = 5%
Combined = 39
x100kΩ
Combined = 3900kΩ
Combined = 3.9MΩ
11
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 Resistor Value Example 3
? ? ? ?
Determine the color
bands for a 1.5 kΩ ±5%
resistor

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 Resistor Value Example 3 Solution
? ? ? ?
Determine the color
bands for a 1.5 kΩ ±5%
resistor
Show the value of
each color band in
order
Band 1 = 1 (brown)
Band 2 = 5 (green)
Band 3 = x100 (red)
Combined = 15
x100Ω
Combined = 1.5kΩ
5%
(brown-green-red
and yellow)
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 Resistor as a Measured Value
A Digital Multimeter
(DMM) can measure
resistance

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 Capacitor
A capacitor is an electronic component that can
be used to store an electrical charge.
Capacitors are often used in electronic circuits as
temporary energy-storage devices.
Capacitance is measured in units of farads (F) and
named after Michael Faraday, a British chemist
and physicist who contributed significantly to the
study of electromagnetism.

Schematic Symbol Physical Component

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 Capacitor Types and Package
Styles Mylar / Tantalum
Ceramic Disc Capacitors Monolithic Ceramic

Electrolytic Capacitors (Radial Lead) Electrolytic Capacitors (Axial Lead)

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 Capacitor Types and Package
Styles
Surface Mount
Tantalum Capacitors Size Comparison

Surface Mount
Ceramic Capacitors

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 Capacitor Value Interpretation

Electrolytic Capacitor
10 F ±
20%

0.47 F
±20%

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 Capacitor Value Interpretation

Disc Capacitors Code Tolerance

A ±0.05%
4 7 2 K B ±0.1%
C ±0.25%
D ±0.5%
F ±1%
First Digit Second Digit Third Digit Fourth Digit
G ±2%
First Figure Second Figure # of Zeros Tolerance
J ±5%

4 7 00 K K ±10%
M or NONE
±20%
4700 pF 10%
N ±30%
More commonly expressed as
Q −10%, +30%
0.0047 F 10% S −20%, +50%
Note: Units on Disc Capacitors are always expressed as pico-farads. T −10%, +50%
There is no absolute rule for what determines which units to use to state the value
of a capacitor. Generally capacitor values are expressed as micro-Farads (µF) and Z −20%, +80%
pico-Farads (pF). In general, express the value as µF or pF to minimize the number
of digits greater than 1.

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 Capacitor Example 1
Determine the nominal Code Tolerance
value for the capacitor A ±0.05%
shown B ±0.1%
C ±0.25%
D ±0.5%
F ±1%
G ±2%
J ±5%
K ±10%
M or NONE
±20%
N ±30%
Q −10%, +30%
S −20%, +50%
T −10%, +50%
Z −20%, +80%

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 Capacitor Example 1 Solution
Determine the nominal Code Tolerance
value for the capacitor A ±0.05%
shown B ±0.1%

Digit 1 = 3 C ±0.25%
D ±0.5%
Digit 2 = 3 F ±1%

Digit 3 = 1 (1 zero) G ±2%

J ±5%
Tolerance (J) = 5% K ±10%
Combined M or NONE
±20%

330 pF 5% N ±30%

Q −10%, +30%
S −20%, +50%
T −10%, +50%
Z −20%, +80%

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 Capacitor Example 1 Solution
Determine the nominal Code Tolerance
value for the capacitor A ±0.05%
shown B ±0.1%

Digit 1 = 1 C ±0.25%
D ±0.5%
Digit 2 = 0 F ±1%

Digit 3 = 3 (3 zeros) G ±2%

J ±5%
Tolerance (K) = K ±10%
10% M or NONE
±20%
Combined N ±30%

10000 pF Q
S
−10%, +30%
−20%, +50%
10% T −10%, +50%

Minimize the number Z −20%, +80%

of digits greater than

1 0.01 F 10%
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 Electronic Display Components

Seven Segment Display Light Emitting Diodes (LED)

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 Electronic Miscellaneous
Components
Fuse

Diode

Voltage Regulator

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