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Introduction To Chemistry

Chemistry is the branch of science that studies the composition, properties, and interactions of matter. It includes various branches such as Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Biochemistry, each focusing on different aspects of chemical substances and processes. Notable scientists like Dmitri Mendeleev and Marie Curie have significantly contributed to the field, enhancing our understanding of chemical elements and their applications.

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14 views26 pages

Introduction To Chemistry

Chemistry is the branch of science that studies the composition, properties, and interactions of matter. It includes various branches such as Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Biochemistry, each focusing on different aspects of chemical substances and processes. Notable scientists like Dmitri Mendeleev and Marie Curie have significantly contributed to the field, enhancing our understanding of chemical elements and their applications.

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phcm01020
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Welcome to Science

10
Chemistry
The building blocks of the entire universe
Objective(s)

•define chemistry;
•differentiate the branches of chemistry
•Identify the important scientist/chemists
in science
What is
Chemistry?
• the branch of science that
deals with the identification of
the substances of which matter
is composed; the investigation
of their properties and the
ways in which they interact,
combine, and change; and the
use of these processes to form
new substances.
Chemistry
• is the study of matter,
analyzing its structure,
properties and behavior to
see what happens when
they change in chemical
reactions
Branches of Chemistry
Chemistry (Branches)

Organic Inorganic Physical Biochemistry


Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
• Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that
involves the scientific study of organic
compounds (compounds that contain covalently
bonded carbon atoms). This branch of chemistry
primarily deals with the structure and chemical
composition of organic compounds, the physical and
chemical properties of organic compounds, and the
chemical reactions undergone by these compounds.
Organic
Chemistry
• The term ‘organic’ was coined
because the field of organic
chemistry was initially finite to
compounds that were produced
by living organisms. This was
attributed to some ‘vital force’
that was present in organic
substances as they had
something that inanimate
substances lacked.
Inorganic Chemistry
• the branch of chemistry that deals with the study
of compounds, which does not consist of carbon-
hydrogen atoms in it, is called ‘Inorganic
Chemistry.’ In simple words, it is opposite to
that of Organic Chemistry. The substances which
do not have carbon-hydrogen bonding are
metals, salts, chemical substances, etc.
• is the branch of chemistry
devoted to the study of the
behavior of matter at an
atomic or molecular level. It
also involves the study of the
properties of substances at
Physical different scales, from the
Chemistry macroscopic scale which
includes particles that are
visible to the naked eye, to the
subatomic scale involving
extremely small subatomic
particles such as electrons.
Atom
• Subatomic particles called
• Proton (Positive Charge)
• Electron (Negative
Charge)
• Neutron (Neutral/Zero
Charge)
Biochemistr
y
• The branch of science
dealing with the study of
all the life processes such
as control and coordination
within a living organism is
called Biochemistry.
Biochemistry

• This field combines biology as well


as chemistry to study the
chemical structure of a living
organism. The biochemists get
into the investigation of the
chemical reactions and
combinations which are involved
in various processes like
reproduction, heredity,
metabolism, and growth, thus
performing research in different
kinds of laboratories.
Biomolecules

Protein Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids


Scientist/Chemists of
past and present
Dmitri
Mendeleev
• Discovered the periodic table
in a dream. Utilized the
organizing principles of the
periodic table to correctly
predict the existence and
properties of six new chemical
elements.
Marie Curie
• Co-discovered the chemical
elements radium and
polonium; made numerous
pioneering contributions to the
study of radioactive elements;
carried out the first research
into the treatment of tumors
with radiation.
Democritus
• Devised an atomic theory featuring tiny
particles always in motion interacting through
collisions; advocated a universe containing an
infinity of diverse inhabited worlds governed by
natural, mechanistic laws rather than gods;
deduced that the light of stars explains the
Milky Way’s appearance; discovered that a
cone’s volume is one-third that of the cylinder
with the same base and height.
Robert
Boyle
• Transformed chemistry from a
field bogged down in alchemy
and mysticism into one based
on measurement. He defined
elements, compounds, and
mixtures; and he discovered
the first gas law – Boyle’s Law.
Niels Bohr
• Founded quantum mechanics when he
remodeled the atom so electrons occupied
‘allowed’ orbits around the nucleus while all
other orbits were forbidden; architect of the
Copenhagen interpretation of quantum
mechanics.
Heisenberg
• A high school teacher
and scientist that has
skills beyond
comprehension about
chemistry and
compound formulation
Chemistry -
Evaluation
• is essential for meeting our basic needs of
Why is food, clothing, shelter, health, energy, and
clean air, water, and soil. Chemical
chemistry technologies enrich our quality of life in
numerous ways by providing new solutions to
important? problems in health, materials, and energy
usage.
Short Quiz - Identification
1. Branch of Chemistry that studies compounds that contain
covalently bonded carbon atoms
2. Branch of chemistry that deals with the study of
compounds, which does not consist of carbon-hydrogen
atoms in it
3. branch of chemistry devoted to the study of the behavior
of matter at an atomic or molecular level
4. branch of science dealing with the study of all the life
processes such as control and coordination within a living
organism
5. Give 1 biomolecule
Summary
• Chemistry - is the study of matter, analyzing its structure, properties and
behavior to see what happens when they change in chemical reactions
• Organic Chemistry - chemistry that involves the scientific study
of organic compounds
• Inorganic Chemistry - study of compounds, which does not consist
of carbon-hydrogen atoms in it
• Physical Chemistry - chemistry devoted to the study of the
behavior of matter at an atomic or molecular level
• Biochemistry - study of all the life processes such as control and
coordination within a living organism

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