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Microprocessor design and course Lecture Three

The document discusses the basic concepts of input/output (I/O) interfacing in microprocessor systems, highlighting the roles of input devices (like keyboards and scanners) and output devices (like LEDs and printers). It details the operation of I/O ports, particularly in the context of the PIC18F452 microcontroller, including the configuration of pins for input and output. Additionally, it covers common peripherals used in embedded systems, such as seven-segment displays and DIP switches, along with their interfacing methods.

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msimiyu888
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2 views14 pages

Microprocessor design and course Lecture Three

The document discusses the basic concepts of input/output (I/O) interfacing in microprocessor systems, highlighting the roles of input devices (like keyboards and scanners) and output devices (like LEDs and printers). It details the operation of I/O ports, particularly in the context of the PIC18F452 microcontroller, including the configuration of pins for input and output. Additionally, it covers common peripherals used in embedded systems, such as seven-segment displays and DIP switches, along with their interfacing methods.

Uploaded by

msimiyu888
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Input/Output Ports and

Interfacing
Basic I/O Concepts
2

Peripherals such as LEDs and keypads are


essential components of microprocessor
systems (microcontroller-based systems)
Input devices
 Provide digital information to MPU
 Examples: keyboard, scanner, digital camera, and
switches
Output devices
 Receive digital information from a MPU
 Examples: LED, seven-segment display, LCD, and
printer
Devices are interfaced to a MPU using I/O
ports
Sept Dec 2019 01/22/25
I/O Interfacing
3

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Interfacing and Addressing
4
I/O ports
 Generally the ports are bidirectional
 Device to be controlled by the MCU are accessed
through the ports
 Buffers and latches are used to minimize errors

 Reading binary data from an input device


MPU places the address of an input port on the address
bus
Enables the input port by asserting the RD signal
Reads data using the data bus
 Writing binary data to an output device
MPU places the address of an output port on the address
bus
Places data on data bus
Asserts the WR signal to enable the output port

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I/O Ports of PIC18F452 MCU
5
MCU includes five I/O ports
 PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD, PORTE
Ports are multiplexed
 Can be set up to perform various functions
Each I/O port is associated with several
SFRs
 PORT
 Functions as a latch or a buffer
 TRIS
 Data direction register
 Logic 0 sets up the pin as an output
 Logic 1 sets up the pin as an input
 LAT
 Output latch similar to PORT

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I/O Example
6

Write instructions to set up pins RB7-RB4 of


PORTB as inputs and pins RB3-RB0 as
outputs
Opcode Operand Comments
MOVLW 0xF0 ;Load B’11110000’ into
WREG
MOVWF TRISB ;Set PORTB TRIS Reg

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Interfacing Output Peripherals
7

 Commonly used output peripherals in embedded systems


LEDs
 Seven-Segment Displays
 LCDs

 Two ways of connecting LEDs to I/O ports


 Common Cathode
 LED cathodes are grounded
 Logic 1 from the I/O port turns on the LEDs
 Current is supplied by the I/O port called current sourcing
 Common Anode
 LED anodes are connected to the power supply
 Logic 0 from the I/O port turns on the LEDs
 Current is received by the chip called current sinking

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Interfacing Output Peripherals
8

Common Cathode Common Anode


Sept Dec 2019 01/22/25
Seven-Segment
9 Display
Seven-segment Displays
 Used to display BCD digits
 0 thru 9
A group of 7 LEDs physically
mounted in the shape of the
number eight
 Plus a decimal point
 Each
LED is called a
segment
 ‘a’ through ‘g’
 Two types
 Common anode
 Common cathode

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Seven-Segment Display
10

 Common Anode
 All anodes are connected together to a power supply
 Cathodes are connected to data lines
 Logic 0 turns on a segment
 Example: To display the digit 1
 All segments except b and c should be off
 11111001 = F9
H

Common Anode

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Seven-Segment Display
11

 Common Cathode
 All cathodes are connected together to ground
 Anodes are connected to data lines
 Logic 1 turns on a segment
 Example: To display digit 1
 All segments except b and c should be off
 00000110 = 06H

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Example 9.4
12
Interfacing Seven-Segment Display to
PORTB
 Common Anode
 Table Look-Up

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Interfacing Input
13 Peripherals
Commonly used input peripherals
 DIP switches, push-button keys, keyboards, and A/D

converters
DIP switch
 One side of the switch is tied high
 To a power supply through a resistor called a pull-up resistor
 The other side is grounded
 The logic level changes when the position is switched
Push-button key
 Same as the DIP switch except that contact is

momentary

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Interfacing Dip Switches
14

Sept Dec 2019 01/22/25

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