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C and Java Programming Concepts

Lectures

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bruce chileshe
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8 views

C and Java Programming Concepts

Lectures

Uploaded by

bruce chileshe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C Programming: Introduction

• C is a structured, procedural language.


• Widely used for system software, embedded
systems, and application development.
#include <stdio.h>
• A C program consists
int main() { of functions, libraries,
and syntax rules.printf("Hello,
return 0;
World!\n");

}
C: Variables, Data Types, and
Constants
• Variables store information like numbers or
text.
• Constants are fixed values (e.g., Pi = 3.14).
#define PI 3.14159
• Data types include int, float, char, etc.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
float radius, area;
printf("Enter radius: ");
scanf("%f", &radius);
area = PI * radius * radius;
printf("Area = %.2f\n", area);
return 0;
}
C: Control Structures
• Control structures allow decision-making and
repetition.
• Examples include if-else, switch, for loops,
while loops, etc.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int age;
printf("Enter your age: ");
scanf("%d", &age);
if (age >= 18)
printf("You are eligible to vote.\n");
else
printf("You are not eligible to vote.\n");
return 0;
}
C: Functions
• Functions break the program into smaller,
reusable pieces.
• Example: A function to convert Celsius to
Fahrenheit.
#include <stdio.h>
float convert(float c) {
return (c * 9/5) + 32;
}
int main() {
float celsius;
printf("Enter Celsius: ");
scanf("%f", &celsius);
printf("Fahrenheit: %.2f\n", convert(celsius));
return 0;
}
Java Programming: Introduction
• Java is a high-level, object-oriented language
designed for portability and performance.
• Popular for web applications, mobile apps,
and enterprise systems.
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello, World!");
}
}
Java: Variables, Data Types, and
Constants
• Java supports primitive data types (int, float,
char, etc.) and reference types (objects).
• Constants can be defined using the 'final'
keyword. public class CircleArea {
public static final double PI = 3.14159;
public static void main(String[] args) {
double radius = 5.0;
double area = PI * radius * radius;
System.out.println("Area = " + area);
}
}
Java: Control Structures
• Control structures allow conditional execution
and loops.
• Examples: if-else, switch, for loop, while loop.
public class VotingEligibility {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int age = 20;
if (age >= 18) {
System.out.println("Eligible to vote.");
} else {
System.out.println("Not eligible to vote.");
}
}
}
Java: Methods and Classes
• Methods are reusable blocks of code defined
in classes.
• Example: A Celsius to Fahrenheit converter
using apublic
method.
class TemperatureConverter {
public static double convert(double celsius) {
return (celsius * 9/5) + 32;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
double celsius = 25.0;
System.out.println("Fahrenheit: " + convert(celsius));
}
}

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