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SSD16

CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) technology is widely used in modern integrated circuits, including microprocessors and memory devices, due to its advantages such as high noise immunity and low static power consumption. It utilizes both N-type and P-type transistors to perform logic functions, allowing for efficient power usage as power is only dissipated during switching. A CMOS inverter operates by turning on one type of transistor while turning off the other, resulting in an output voltage that is the inverse of the input voltage.

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13 views12 pages

SSD16

CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) technology is widely used in modern integrated circuits, including microprocessors and memory devices, due to its advantages such as high noise immunity and low static power consumption. It utilizes both N-type and P-type transistors to perform logic functions, allowing for efficient power usage as power is only dissipated during switching. A CMOS inverter operates by turning on one type of transistor while turning off the other, resulting in an output voltage that is the inverse of the input voltage.

Uploaded by

saignanavardhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to

advanced MOS devices


The complementary MOS, or CMOS
• The term CMOS stands for “Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor”.

• CMOS technology is one of the most popular technologies in the computer chip
design industry and broadly used today to form integrated circuits in numerous and
varied applications.

• Today’s computer memories, CPUs and cell phones make use of this technology due
to several key advantages.

• This technology makes use of both P channel and N channel semiconductor


devices.
• One of the most popular MOSFET technologies available today is the
Complementary MOS or CMOS technology.

• This is the dominant semiconductor technology for microprocessors,


microcontroller chips, memories like RAM, ROM, EEPROM and application
specific integrated circuits (ASICs)
Structure of CMOS
• N well process, P well Process, Twin well Process
• CMOS devices have high noise immunity and low static power consumption

• CMOS logic dissipates less power than NMOS logic circuits because CMOS
dissipates power only when switching ("dynamic power")

• NMOS INVERTER with Resistive Load


 Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) is the most commonly used semiconductor technology in modern
integrated circuits (ICs), which are also referred to as chips or microchips.

 CMOS transistors are based on MOSFET technology, which controls the flow of electricity between source and drain
terminals using applied voltage.

 Microprocessors, batteries, and digital sensors among other electronic components make use of this technology due to
several key advantages.

 This technology uses both NMOS and PMOS to realize various logic functions. Both N and P MOSFET channels are
designed to have matching characteristics.

 CMOS technology uses both N-type and P-type transistors to design logic functions. A signal is used to turn ON one type of
transistor and turn OFF the other. This eliminates the need for pull-up resistors and instead uses simple switches
. In CMOS logic gates, N-type MOSFETs are arranged in a pull-down network between the output and the low voltage
supply rail (VSS or ground), while P-type MOSFETs are in a pull-up network between the output and the higher-voltage rail
(often VDD).

As a result, when the P-type MOSFET is OFF, the N-type MOSFET will be ON, and vice versa. For any input pattern, one
of the networks is ON and the other is OFF.
CMOS INVERTER

A CMOS inverter works, based on the input voltage level. A high V in turns G

on the NMOSFET and turns off the PMOSFET, causing a low resistance
D
path between VOUT and VSS, which pulls VOUT low. Conversely, a Low VIN
turns on the PMOSFET and turns off the NMOSFET, creating a low
D
resistance path between VOUT and VDD, which pulls VOUT high. As a result,
the output voltage is the opposite of the input voltage. G

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