Digital technologies 01

Week 02

CLOUD
COMPUTING
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
• Explain the essential characteristics of Cloud Computing
• Describe the different Cloud services models
• Describe the different Cloud deployment models
• Explain the economics of Cloud
• Discuss the benefits and challenges of Cloud
• Discuss Cloud Deploying models & Service Models
 CLOUD COMPUTING
Cloud:
Services we offer
from a physical
server room set
up ,purchased as a
service from a
cloud service
VDC: provider. IaaS –
Less physical Infrastructure as a
space is required. Service
It is possible to
virtualize multiple
servers in to single
physical server.
Classic Data Low maintenance
Centers cost compared to
Needs to have classic data
physical devices centers.
and servers. High
maintenance cost
for hardware and
lot of physical
space.
 WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING???
• Cloud computing is a technology model that provides on-demand access to a
shared pool of computing resources, such as servers, storage, databases,
networking, software, and analytics, over the internet ("the cloud").
• Managed by third party cloud service providers:
• AWS
• Google
• Microsoft Azure
CLOUD COMPU T I NG: T ECH NOLOGI CAL
FOU NDATI ONS
Grid Computing:
• Grid computing is a distributed computing model that aggregates
computing resources from multiple locations to solve large-scale
computational problems.
• It harnesses the collective power of interconnected computers, enabling
parallel processing and efficient resource utilization.
CLOUD COMPU T I NG: T ECH NOLOGI CAL
FOU NDATI ONS
Utility Computing:
• Utility computing delivers computing resources as a metered service, similar to
traditional utility services like electricity or water.
• Users pay only for the resources they consume, making it a cost-effective solution for
organizations with fluctuating computing needs.
Virtualization:
• Virtualization technology enables the creation of virtual instances of computing
resources, such as servers, storage, and networks, from physical hardware.
• It allows for better resource utilization, increased flexibility, and easier management of IT
infrastructure.
• Example: Hypervisors like VMware vSphere and Microsoft Hyper-V provide virtualization
capabilities, allowing multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical server.
CLOUD COMPU T I NG: T ECH NOLOGI CAL
FOU NDATI ONS
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA):
• Service-Oriented Architecture is an architectural approach that structures
software applications as modular services, which can be accessed and reused
across different systems.
• It promotes loose coupling between components, making systems more
flexible, scalable, and easier to maintain.
• For example, if you need to calculate taxes for a customer's order in an online
store, you'd use a tax calculation service. If you need to update inventory
levels after a purchase, you'd use an inventory management service.
CLOUD
COMPUTING:
ESSENTIAL
CHARACTERISTIC
S
ON-DEMAND SELF-SERVICE

• Enables consumers to get computing resources as and when required, without any
human intervention
• Facilitates consumer to leverage “ready to use” services or, enables to choose
required services from the service catalog (E.g: network expansion and storage
expansion services)
• Allows provisioning of resources using self-service interface
 Users have their own admin console to view their existing infrastructure
 If the user wish to expand it further; he/she can themselves add the available resources
through the interface
 For the above added services their might be an additional charge
 Self-service interface should be user-friendly
BR OAD NET WOR K ACCE S S –
ACCES SI BI L I T Y

• Cloud services are accessed via the network, usually the internet,
from a broad range of client platforms such as:
• Desktop computer
• Laptop
• Mobile phone
• Thin Client (machines without a lot of processing power)
• • Enables accessing the services from anywhere across the globe
 RESOURCE POOLING

• IT resources (computers, storage, network) are pooled to serve

multiple consumers
• Based on multi-tenant model
• Consumer has no knowledge about the exact location of the resources
provided
• Resources are dynamically assigned and reassigned based on the
consumer demand
• Video Resource: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ae_DKNwK_ms
 RAPID EL ASTICITY

• Ability to scale IT resources rapidly, as required, to fulfill the

changing needs without interruption of service
• Resources can be both scaled up and scaled down dynamically
(Ability to increase and decrease storage capacities)
• To the consumer, the Cloud appears to be infinite
• Consumers can start with minimal computing power and can
expand their environment to any size (With the company growth)
METERED SERVICE

• Consumers are billed based on the metered usage of Cloud

resources
• Cost incurred on a pay-per-use basis
• Pricing/billing model is tied up with the required service levels
• Resource usage is monitored and reported, which provides
transparency for chargeback to both Cloud service provider and
consumer about the utilized service
CLOUD COMPUTING BENEFITS
CLOUD SERVICE
MODELS

• Software as a Service
• Platform as a service
• Infrastructure as a Service
CLOUD SERVICE
MODELS
INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE
INFRASTRUCTUR
E AS A SERVICE

• Resizable compute capacities –

RAM and processing power.
• E.g. in a physical set up if you run
out of RAM you have to provide it
• Activity:
yourself. In a IaaS setup if you
want more RAM you have to either List five IaaS services and find out
inform your service provider to their usages
increase it / use your admin panel
to increase RAM.
 S AMPLE ANSWER
• Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud): Usage: Amazon EC2 provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is
commonly used for hosting applications, running batch processing, hosting websites, and more.
• Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service): Usage: Amazon S3 offers scalable object storage for data storage
and retrieval. It is widely used for data backup, archiving, content distribution, and serving static web
content.
• Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service): Usage: Amazon RDS provides managed relational databases
in the cloud. It is utilized for running production databases, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and SQL
Server, with features like automated backups, scaling, and patch management.
• Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud): Usage: Amazon VPC allows users to provision a logically isolated
section of the AWS cloud. It is employed for creating private networks within the AWS infrastructure,
enabling secure communication between resources, and extending on-premises networks to the cloud.
• Azure Virtual Machines:
• Usage: Azure Virtual Machines provides scalable computing resources in the cloud, including virtualized
hardware, storage, and networking. It is commonly used for hosting applications, virtual desktops,
development and testing environments, and running various workloads such as Windows or Linux-based
applications.
• Azure Blob Storage:
• Usage: Azure Blob Storage offers scalable object storage for unstructured data. It is utilized for storing and
serving large amounts of data such as documents, images, videos, backups, and logs. Azure Blob Storage
provides features like redundancy, encryption, and tiered storage options for cost optimization
PL ATFORM AS A SERVICE
PL ATFORM AS A SERVICE
• In a usual set up there are two types of
applications. Custom built ones and off the
shelf ones.
• But in PaaS; the applications we need is
hosted in the service providers servers. We
as clients need to log in and use it.

• In a usual set up if we are to

develop an app we need to install
Activity:
the language (Java) and develop.
List five PaaS services and find out In a PaaS; all the platforms you
their usages need to develop apps are readily
available
S AMPLE ANSWER
• AWS Lambda: AWS Lambda is a serverless computing service that allows developers to
run code without provisioning or managing servers. It automatically scales based on
demand and charges only for the compute time consumed.
• Azure App Service: Azure App Service is a fully managed platform for building,
deploying, and scaling web applications, APIs, and mobile backends. It supports
multiple programming languages, frameworks, and integration with DevOps tools. It is
commonly used for web hosting, application development, and deployment automation
• Google App Engine: Google App Engine is a fully managed platform for building and
deploying scalable web applications and APIs. It provides automatic scaling, built-in
security, and support for multiple programming languages and frameworks. It is
commonly used for web application hosting, backend services, and API development on
Google Cloud Platform.
SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE
SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE

Activity:
List five SaaS services and find out their usages
S AMPLE ANSWER
• Microsoft 365 (formerly Office 365): a suite of cloud-based productivity tools that
includes applications like Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, Teams, and more. It offers
collaboration features, email services, file storage, and communication tools.
• Salesforce: a cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) platform that
provides sales, marketing, service, and analytics solutions. It offers features for
managing customer data, tracking leads, automating sales processes, and analyzing
customer interactions.
• Zoom: cloud-based video conferencing platform that provides online meetings,
webinars, and virtual events. It offers features like video and audio conferencing,
screen sharing, chat, and recording.
• Gmail: a cloud-based email service provided by Google, allowing users to send and
receive emails through a web interface or through email clients that support SMTP,
IMAP, and POP3 protocols.
 CLOUD
DEPLOYMENT
MODELS
PUBLIC CLOUD DEPLOYMENT MODEL
• Public cloud allows its users to access and
obtain their services
• This is a service offered over the public
internet.
• Anyone can purchase the services on
demand.
• Some services are free.
• Security threat as less authority of the public
internet
P R I VAT E C LO U D
D E P LOY M E N T M O D E L

• The company needs to have

infrastructure required to host a
private cloud.
• Hence, this is more expensive for
On premise Externally hosted
the company Provide opportunity Cloud is located at
to host a cloud another physical
environment location and we have
internally. access to it.
 HYBRID CLOUD DEPLOYMENT
MODEL

• We have the 100% control over the private cloud

as it is hosted by us. But it is expensive.
• We have to depend on the service provider for the
public cloud. But it is less expensive for the
company.
• E.g. We can decide to host the confidential
information such as HR data in the private cloud
and other less confidential data in the public
cloud.
COMMUNITY COUD DEPLOYMENT MODEL
 Cloud has changed the economics of
cloud

ECONOMIC
E F FE C T S
Cloud enable to move from CapEx to
O F C LO U D OpEx model
S E RV I C E S

Infrastructure cost
Provide following key Management cost
savings: Power and energy
cost
CASE STUDY
EXAMPLE
CHALLENGES
CHALLENGES
 • What is cloud computing
• Service models
• Deployment models
• Cloud benefits and
challenges

SUMMARY