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Development and intersection

pgdt

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ebrahimnurhusien
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4 views

Development and intersection

pgdt

Uploaded by

ebrahimnurhusien
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIVERSITY OF GONDAR

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENTS OF MECHANICAL

Technical Drawing & Design


Summer program

Pattern Development
MEng2021
Cr. 3 (2-lect and 3-Tut)
Introduction
Development:
•Development is the unfold/unrolled plane figure of 3D object
•A layout of the complete surface of a three dimensional object on
a plane is called the development of the surface/pattern of the
object.
•The knowledge of development of surfaces is very useful in the
sheet metal industry, where products like utensils, cans, buckets,
hoppers, boxes, container, boilers, vessels etc. are manufactured.
•Prior to that, the designer must use the development drawing on
the sheet metal to get the accurate shape/ pattern of the
components.
Intro…
• Every line used in making the development must represent the
true length of the line (edge) on the object.
• A surface is said to be developable if it can be unfolded /
unrolled to coincide with a plane.
• Surfaces of polyhedral (prism and pyramid) and single-curved
surfaces (cylinder and cone) are developable.
• But warped surfaces and double curved surfaces are not
developable they may be developed by approximately dividing
them into developable sections.
Intro…
Intro…
Intro…
Application of pattern developments

• Sheet metal industry

• Packaging Industry
Intro…
Pressure vessel industry
Intro…
Terms used
• Pattern – The development of an object that is rolled/
folded.
• Lateral development- if development excludes the top
and bottom covers.
• Complete surface development- if development
includes the top and bottom covers.
• Right Cylinder- cylinder axis is made perpendicular to
the base of the solid
• Truncated cylinder – A cylinder that has the end cut
off by an inclined surface.
• Parallel line development – A pattern created by
drawing the edges of an object as parallel lines.
• Radial line development – A pattern created by
Types of Methods of development

1. Parallel Line Development: (Prism and


Cylinder)
This method of development is used to develop
shapes that are based on prism and cylinder by
making use of stretch-out-line principle. The
method divides the surface into a series of parallel
lines to determine the shape of a pattern.
Types of Methods….

2. Radial Line Development: ( Cone and


Pyramid)
This method of development is used to develop
shapes that are based on pyramid and cone which
have a series of lines which radiate from the apex
down to the base of the object and requires the
determination of true length of lateral edges before
attempting to prepare the development.
Types of Methods….

3. Triangulation 4. Approximate
Method: Method:
This is generally used For Warped or Double
for polyhedron, single Curved Surfaces the
curved surfaces whose shapes obtained are
Surfaces must be only by approximate
Broken into triangular
Areas
Basic developments

Cylinder
• The Four Most
Common
Developable Prism
Shapes Cone

Pyramid

 Most Developments Take the Form of SHEET


METAL, Folded with a PRESS BRAKE
• Fold Line are typically INSIDE
– Called “Inside-Up” Forming
Development of lateral surfaces of different solids.
(Lateral surface is the surface excluding top & base)
Cylinder: A Rectangle
Pyramids: (No.of triangles)
Cone: (Sector of circle) S

H S

L L
D
D 
H= Height D= base diameter

Prisms: No.of Rectangles R=Base circle radius. L= Slant edge.


L=Slant height. S = Edge of base
R 3600
 =L

+
H

S S H= Height S = Edge of base


Cube: Six Squares.

Tetrahedron: Four Equilateral Triangles

All sides
equal in length
FRUSTUMS
DEVELOPMENT OF DEVELOPMENT OF
FRUSTUM OF CONE FRUSTUM OF SQUARE PYRAMID
Base side

Top side

L L
L1 L1

R
 = L
3600
+

R= Base circle radius of cone


L= Slant height of cone L= Slant edge of pyramid
L1 = Slant height of cut part. L1 = Slant edge of cut part.
Problems
1. A right rectangular prism 50 x 30 x 80 mm (W x D x H) cut by
a plane perpendicular to V.P and inclined to H.P passing through
it, as shown in the figure. Draw the lateral and complete surface
developments of the truncated rectangular prisms.
Problems
2. A hexagonal prism, edge of base 40 mm and axis 80 mm
long, rests with its base on H.P such that one of its
rectangular faces is parallel to V.P. It is cut by a plane
perpendicular to V.P, inclined at 45º to H.P and passing
through the left corner of the top face of the prism. Draw
the lateral surface development of the truncated prism.
Problems
3. A cylinder of diameter of base 40 mm and height 50
mm is standing on its base on HP as shown in the
figure. Draw the lateral surface developments of the
truncated cylinder.
Test 10%
1. Draw complete surface development of a five sided
prism closed at both ends having vertical faces of 50
mm height, base 100 mm, inclined height 70 mm and
length 80 mm as shown on figure (a)
2. A cylinder of diameter of base 30 mm and height 45 mm
is standing on its base on HP as shown in the figure (b).
Draw the lateral surface developments of the truncated
cylinder.

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