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Introduction To OS

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24 views14 pages

Introduction To OS

Uploaded by

minajagisuprita
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Operating System (OS)

What is an Operating System (OS)?

An Operating System (OS) is the software that acts as an


intermediary between the computer hardware and the user. It
manages hardware resources and provides services to run
applications.
Example: Think of an OS as the manager of a restaurant. The
manager doesn’t cook the food (hardware), but they organize
everything so that the kitchen (hardware) runs smoothly,
ensuring that customers (users) get their food (applications)
on time.
Why do we need an Operating System?

Without an OS, interacting with a computer would be


much more complex because you'd have to manually
manage all tasks.
Key Functions of an OS:
1. Process Management:The OS manages the execution of
programs (called processes) by allocating resources like CPU
time.

Example: Think of the OS as a scheduler at a doctor’s office.


The
doctor (CPU) has many patients (processes) to see, and the
scheduler ensures each patient gets time with the doctor
without clashes.
2. Memory Management:The OS keeps track of which memory
parts are used by which processes and allocates memory
efficiently.

Example: Consider the OS like a hotel receptionist managing


room bookings. The receptionist ensures that rooms (memory)
are not double-booked and assigns them efficiently based on
availability
3. Device Management:The OS manages hardware devices
like printers, keyboards, and storage.

Example: Imagine a concert where the OS is the conductor


and all the musical instruments (devices) need to be
coordinated to work in harmony.
4. User Interface (UI):

The OS provides an interface (like Windows or macOS) for


users to interact with the computer.

Example:The OS is like a smartphone’s touch interface that


allows users to access apps and perform actions without
knowing how the internal components work.
Types of Operating Systems:

There are various types of OS designed for different tasks.

• 1. Batch OS: Processes jobs in batches with no user interaction (like


old mainframe systems).

• 2. Time-Sharing OS: Allows multiple users to share system


resources at the same time (like modern computers).

• 3. Real-Time OS: Ensures that tasks are completed within a specific


time frame, critical in systems like air traffic control.
Importance of an Operating System

Without an OS, users would need to manually communicate with


the hardware, which would be extremely difficult. The OS simplifies
this process, making it user-friendly.
Examples of Operating Systems

Common examples of operating systems include:

Windows: Most common in personal computers.

Linux: Used in servers and for tech enthusiasts.

macOS: Used in Apple computers.

Android & iOS: Operating systems for mobile phones.

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